10岁学龄儿童尿中对羟基苯甲酸酯浓度与肥胖的关系
Associations between urinary paraben levels and obesity of 10-year-old children
-
摘要:
背景 对羟基苯甲酸酯（PBs）是一类广泛使用的防腐剂，作为新型环境内分泌干扰物，具有一定生殖毒性和发育毒性，被怀疑为环境致肥因子。
目的 评估10岁学龄儿童尿中5种PBs暴露负荷及其与肥胖指标的关联。
方法 以“射阳小型出生队列”参与10岁随访的471名儿童作为研究对象。问卷调查儿童的人口学信息、运动情况、膳食摄入等信息，采集儿童尿样并测量儿童身高、体重和腰围等体格指标，计算经年龄性别校正的体重指数Z评分（BMI-Z评分）。应用气相色谱-串联质谱法（GC-MS/MS）测定儿童尿样中对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（MeP）、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯（EtP）、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯（PrP）、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯（BuP）和对羟基苯甲酸苄酯（BzP）5种PBs浓度。采用广义线性模型（GLM）和贝叶斯核函数回归模型（BKMR）分别分析PBs单一/混合暴露与儿童BMI-Z评分和腰围的关联。
结果 儿童尿中5种PBs检出率范围为78.98%~98.94%，浓度几何均值范围为0.31~5.43 μg·L−1。10岁儿童BMI-Z评分和腰围的均值（标准差）分别为0.56（1.40）和67.62（10.07）cm。GLM结果显示儿童尿中BzP浓度与其腰围（
b =−0.08，95%CI：−0.14~−0.02，P =0.01）呈负相关。性别分层分析发现，男童尿中BzP分别与BMI-Z评分（b =−0.59，95%CI：−0.88~−0.30，P <0.001）以及腰围（b =−0.80，95%CI：−1.23~−0.37，P <0.001）呈负相关；未在女童中观察到显著关联。BKMR结果同样发现儿童尿中BzP浓度与其BMI-Z评分和腰围呈负相关，与GLM结果具有一致性。结论 本研究发现PBs在研究地区10岁儿童体内暴露普遍，PBs暴露对10岁儿童肥胖指标存在潜在影响并具有性别差异。
Abstract:Background Parabens, a widely used class of preservatives, are suspected to be potential obesogens as emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals with reproductive and developmental toxicity.
Objective To analyze five urinary parabens (PBs) and estimate the associations of exposure to PBs with adiposity measures in 10-year-old school-age children.
Methods A total of 471 school-age children aged 10 years from the Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect socio-demographic information, physical activity, and dietary intake. Weight, height, and waist circumference of children were measured, and age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (BMI-Z score) was calculated. Spot urine samples were collected during the follow-up visits. Urinary concentrations of five PBs including methyl-paraben (MeP), ethyl-paraben (EtP), propyl-paraben (PrP), butyl-paraben (BuP), and benzyl-paraben (BzP) were detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Generalized linear models (GLMs) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to estimate associations of individual/overall urinary PBs concentrations with BMI Z
-score and waist circumference. Results The positive rates of selected five urinary PBs were in the range from 78.98% to 98.94%. The urinary PBs concentrations (geometric mean) were in the range of 0.31-5.43 μg·L−1. The children's BMI Z-score and waist circumference (mean ± standard deviation) were (0.56±1.40) and (67.62±10.07) cm respectively. The GLMs results showed that the urinary BzP concentration was negatively associated with waist circumference (
b =−0.08, 95%CI: −0.14, −0.02;P =0.01). In sex-stratified analysis, the urinary concentration of BzP was negatively associated with BMI-Z score (b =−0.59, 95%CI: −0.88, −0.30;P <0.001) and waist circumference (b =−0.80, 95%CI: −1.23, −0.37;P <0.001) in boys, but not in girls. The BKMR results also found significant negative correlations of urinary BzP concentrations with BMI-Z score and waist circumference, which were consistent with the GLM results.Conclusion The selected 10-year-old children are extensively exposed to PBs in the study area. Furthermore, childhood PBs exposure may have potential impacts on childhood adiposity measures with sex-specific effects.
下载:
