尉敏琦, 邬家杰, 沈婕, 王健, 戴俊明. 上海市闵行区企事业单位职工主观幸福感现状及影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(12): 1200-1205. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20306
引用本文: 尉敏琦, 邬家杰, 沈婕, 王健, 戴俊明. 上海市闵行区企事业单位职工主观幸福感现状及影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(12): 1200-1205. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20306
WEI Min-qi, WU Jia-jie, SHEN Jie, WANG Jian, DAI Jun-ming. Subjective well-being and its influencing factors of employees from enterprises and public institutions in Minhang District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(12): 1200-1205. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20306
Citation: WEI Min-qi, WU Jia-jie, SHEN Jie, WANG Jian, DAI Jun-ming. Subjective well-being and its influencing factors of employees from enterprises and public institutions in Minhang District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(12): 1200-1205. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20306

上海市闵行区企事业单位职工主观幸福感现状及影响因素

Subjective well-being and its influencing factors of employees from enterprises and public institutions in Minhang District of Shanghai

  • 摘要: 背景

    健康城市理念在国内广泛推广,工作场所是落实健康城市战略的基本单位,提升职工健康水平与幸福感愈发受到重视。

    目的

    了解上海市闵行区企事业单位职工主观幸福感现状及其影响因素。

    方法

    2019年11—12月,采用分阶段整群随机抽样的方法,以上海市闵行区25家企事业单位职工为研究对象。在知情同意和自愿参与的基础上,对单位员工实施横断面调查,收集研究对象的一般人口学特征、职业特征、健康状况、社会经济状况、所处工作场所的健康支持性环境及其主观幸福感等资料。

    结果

    纳入研究对象1 357人,主观幸福感平均得分为(6.55±1.56)分。不同受教育程度、户籍类型、个人平均月收入、职业、自评健康状况、慢性病患病状态、自感支付压力、自评社会地位以及健康支持性工作环境中的受访者的主观幸福感不完全相同(P < 0.05)。与单身者相比,已婚者的主观幸福感相对较好(OR=1.66,95% CI:1.16~2.37);与外地户籍员工相比,上海户籍员工的主观幸福感相对较好(OR=1.52,95% CI:1.08~2.15);与自评健康状况“差/非常差”受访者相比,自评“一般”者(OR=3.42,95% CI:1.48~7.90)、自评“好”者(OR=7.73,95% CI:3.28~18.18)和自评“非常好”者(OR=24.17,95% CI:8.00~73.06)的主观幸福感较好;与自感支付压力明显的受访者相比,自感“有时会有点困难”者(OR=1.69,95% CI:1.21~2.37)和自感“很少,几乎没有困难或压力”者(OR=4.76,95% CI:3.09~7.33)的主观幸福感较好;与自评社会地位低的受访者相比,自评社会地位一般(OR=1.89,95% CI:1.18~3.03)和自评社会地位高(OR=4.90,95% CI:3.18~7.57)的员工的主观幸福感较好;与非健康单位受访者相比,健康单位的员工的主观幸福感相对较好(OR=1.43,95% CI:1.07~1.92)。

    结论

    上海市闵行区企事业单位职工主观幸福感水平较低。婚姻状况、户籍类型、自评健康状况、自感支付压力、自评社会地位、所处工作场所是否正在开展健康单位创建是本次调查在职员工主观幸福感状况的影响因素。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Along with the promotion of Healthy City concept in China, and the recognition of workplaces as the basic unit to implement Healthy City strategy, more and more attention has been paid to the improvement of employees' health and well-being.

    Objective

    This investigation explores the subjective well-being and related factors among employees from enterprises and public institutions in Minhang District of Shanghai.

    Methods

    Through a cluster random sampling strategy, the employees from 25 enterprises and public institutions in Minhang District of Shanghai from November to December 2019 were selected as study subjects. Based on the principles of informed consent and voluntary participation, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the employees to collect their demographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, health status, socioeconomic status, health supportive environment of workplace, subjective well-being, etc.

    Results

    A total of 1 357 employees were surveyed. The average score of subjective well-being of the participants was 6.55±1.56. The subjective well-being scores varied among respondents with different education levels, household registration types, per capita average monthly income, occupations, self-rated health status, chronic diseases, self-perceived payment pressure, self-rated social status, and health support working environment (P < 0.05). Those who were married (versus single, OR=1.66, 95% CI:1.16-2.37), who held a Shanghai household registration (versus non-local household registration, OR=1.52, 95% CI:1.08-2.15), who self-rated their health as fair, good, and excellent (versus poor/very poor, OR=3.42, 95% CI:1.48-7.90; OR=7.73, 95% CI:3.28-18.18; OR=24.17, 95% CI:8.00-73.06), who sometimes felt a little difficulty or felt little or almost no difficulty or pressure (versus obvious economic pressure, OR=1.69, 95% CI:1.21-2.37; OR=4.76, 95%CI:3.09-7.33), who self-rated their social status as fair and high (versus low, OR=1.89, 95%CI:1.18-3.03; OR=4.90, 95%CI:3.18-7.57), and who were from health units (versus non-health units, OR=1.43, 95%CI:1.07-1.92) showed a higher subjective well-being level.

    Conclusion

    The subjective well-being of employees from enterprises and public institutions in Minhang District of Shanghai is at a relatively low level. Marital status, household registration, self-rated health status, economic pressure, self-rated social status, and ongoing health unit construction are the factors affecting respondents' subjective well-being.

     

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