叶李嘉, 吴南翔, 高明, 郭晓晨, 范宏亮, 沈宏, 杨叶, 刘克澄, 姚春冀, 彭雪云. 杭州市两污水处理厂进水中微塑料污染水平及特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(8): 883-887, 909. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21048
引用本文: 叶李嘉, 吴南翔, 高明, 郭晓晨, 范宏亮, 沈宏, 杨叶, 刘克澄, 姚春冀, 彭雪云. 杭州市两污水处理厂进水中微塑料污染水平及特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(8): 883-887, 909. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21048
YE Lijia, WU Nanxiang, GAO Ming, GUO Xiaochen, FAN Hongliang, SHEN Hong, YANG Ye, LIU Kecheng, YAO Chunji, PENG Xueyun. Pollution levels and characteristics of microplastics in influent of two wastewater treatment plants in Hangzhou[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(8): 883-887, 909. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21048
Citation: YE Lijia, WU Nanxiang, GAO Ming, GUO Xiaochen, FAN Hongliang, SHEN Hong, YANG Ye, LIU Kecheng, YAO Chunji, PENG Xueyun. Pollution levels and characteristics of microplastics in influent of two wastewater treatment plants in Hangzhou[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(8): 883-887, 909. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21048

杭州市两污水处理厂进水中微塑料污染水平及特征

Pollution levels and characteristics of microplastics in influent of two wastewater treatment plants in Hangzhou

  • 摘要: 背景

    污水是微塑料进入水生环境的途径之一,研究其中微塑料污染物特征有助于了解人类活动对微塑料产生的影响。

    目的

    本研究以杭州市两污水处理厂为例,对其进水中微塑料污染水平及特征进行研究。

    方法

    于2020年四个季度,在杭州两污水厂采集进水水样各一次。使用过氧化氢溶液在60℃恒温条件消化样品中杂质,待消化完成后使用不锈钢筛从样品中筛分出微塑料。将微塑料置于显微镜下,利用体视显微镜和傅立叶红外光谱显微镜对微塑料进行识别,并通过体视显微镜对样品进行计数和分类。

    结果

    两污水处理厂进水中微塑料数量浓度分别为(8.20±0.28)、(11.01±0.59)个·L-1,两厂内4个季度之间的差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。微塑料尺寸分类结果显示: > 0.5~1 mm占比最大,其在A、B两厂中占比分别为57.5%和54.0%; > 1 mm次之,在两厂占比分别为25.0%和28.0%;而0.098~0.2 mm尺寸的微塑料比例最少,占比分别为4.5%和6.0%。形态均以纤维为主,碎片次之;纤维在A、B两厂中占比分别为47.5%和49.0%,碎片分别为30.5%和29.0%。颜色以黑色为主,在A、B两厂中占比平均分别为57.0%和54.0%。研究中所采取的消化、分级提取方法具有较好的量效关系,其散点图拟合曲线为ŷ=211x+3.408 3,R2=0.995 2(P < 0.001)。

    结论

    该市污水处理厂污水中以日常生活产生的纤维形态微塑料为主,尚未发现季节因素与污水中微塑料特征组成有关联。研究中所采取的消化、分级提取方法切实可行。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Urban sewage may operate as a route for microplastics entering the water environment. Studying the characteristics of microplastic pollutants can help to understand the possibility of human activities affecting the production of microplastics.

    Objective

    This study investigates the levels and characteristics of microplastic pollutants in the influent water of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Hangzhou.

    Methods

    In four quarters of 2020, water samples were collected from the influent of selected two WWTPs once each quarter. Microplastics were extracted using hydrogen peroxide to digest impurities in the samples at a constant temperature of 60℃, and then stainless-steel sieves to remove large particles. The extracted microplastics were identified under a stereo microscope and a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy microscope, and the samples were counted and classified under a stereo microscope.

    Results

    The average number concentrations of microplastics in the influent of the two WWTPs were (8.20±0.28) and (11.01±0.59) particles·L-1 respectively. No difference was found among the four quarters in the two WWTPs (P > 0.05). The results of size fractionation of microplastics showed that 0.5-1 mm particles accounted for the largest proportion, and the proportions were 57.5% and 54.0% respectively in WWTP A and B; the second place was > 1 mm, and the proportions were 25.0% and 28.0% respectively; and microplastics with a size of 0.098-0.2 mm accounted for the least proportion, which were 4.5% and 6.0% respectively. Fibers were the main form in the collected samples, followed by fragments. The average proportions of fibers in the two WWTPs were 47.5% and 49.0%, and the average proportions of fragments in the two WWTPs were 30.5% and 29.0%, respectively. Black was the dominant color. Black microplastics accounted for 57.0% and 54.0% of total microplastics, respectively. The digestion and fractional extraction methods adopted in the study showed a good dose-effect relationship, and the scatter fitting curve was ŷ=211x+3.4083, R2=0.995 2 (P < 0.001).

    Conclusion

    Fibers produced in daily life activities are the main form of microplastics in the sewage from WWTPs. Seasons are not found to have an association with the characteristics of microplastics in sewage. The digestion and fractional extraction methods adopted in the study are feasible.

     

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