杨世榕, 刘纯, 丁琪, 杨桦, 贾莹. 饮水型慢性氟中毒大鼠硬组织氟蓄积的对比研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2022, 39(2): 174-178. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21324
引用本文: 杨世榕, 刘纯, 丁琪, 杨桦, 贾莹. 饮水型慢性氟中毒大鼠硬组织氟蓄积的对比研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2022, 39(2): 174-178. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21324
YANG Shirong, LIU Chun, DING Qi, YANG Hua, JIA Ying. Comparative study on fluoride accumulation in hard tissues of rats with chronic drinking-water-borne fluorosis[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(2): 174-178. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21324
Citation: YANG Shirong, LIU Chun, DING Qi, YANG Hua, JIA Ying. Comparative study on fluoride accumulation in hard tissues of rats with chronic drinking-water-borne fluorosis[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(2): 174-178. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21324

饮水型慢性氟中毒大鼠硬组织氟蓄积的对比研究

Comparative study on fluoride accumulation in hard tissues of rats with chronic drinking-water-borne fluorosis

  • 摘要: 背景 既往有大量关于氟全身骨损害的研究报道,但是关于颌骨氟蓄积特征的认识还较少。颌骨是全身骨组织的同源发生组织,是口腔中不可缺少的重要框架结构。

    目的 研究饮水型慢性氟中毒SD大鼠持续染氟期间牙齿、颌骨及股骨中氟蓄积情况及变化趋势。

    方法 取144只3周龄SD大鼠,雌雄各半,随机均分为2组,正常对照组及染氟组。正常对照组大鼠饮用来自贵州地区消毒过滤的纯净水,水中的氟含量为0.08 mg·kg−1(低于国家水质标准1 mg·kg−1),染氟组大鼠饲以150 mg·L−1的氟化钠(NaF)水溶液。分别染氟3、5、7个月后,采用氟离子电极法测定尿、血、牙、颌骨、股骨中氟离子含量。

    结果 染氟组及正常对照组大鼠不同生物样本中氟含量无性别差异(均P>0.05)。染氟3个月后,染氟组大鼠均出现约II级氟斑牙表现,染氟组大鼠血、尿中氟离子含量均高于正常对照组(均P<0.05),表明饮水型慢性氟中毒大鼠模型建模成功。正常对照组大鼠股骨中氟离子含量保持稳定,3个月时颌骨氟、牙氟含量分别为(1097.36±470.34)、(453.09±173.43) mg·kg−1,7个月时颌骨氟、牙氟含量分别为(2113.18±634.49)、(1604.80±160.43) mg·kg−1,颌骨及牙齿表现出氟蓄积增加的时间正效应,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。染氟组大鼠持续饲氟后,3个月时颌骨氟、牙氟、股骨氟含量分别为(3145.02±765.82)、(1550.20±77.73)、(3640.55±699.42) mg·kg−1,7个月时颌骨氟、牙氟、股骨氟含量分别为(8420.36±1728.56)、(4702.08±1417.06)、(6091.99±1384.97) mg·kg−1,三种硬组织均表现出氟蓄积增加的时间正效应,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且累积增幅大于正常对照组。其中,颌骨氟增幅最大;5个月时颌骨氟、股骨氟、牙氟含量分别为(6485.02±2141.98)、(4914.99±1529.41)、(3365.21±1462.27) mg·kg−1,持续染氟至5个月后,发现颌骨中氟含量远高于股骨及牙齿中氟含量,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

    结论 骨骼、牙齿等硬组织是氟敏感组织。与股骨比较,颌骨表现显著高氟蓄积,牙齿则表现相对滞后的氟蓄积特征。

     

    Abstract: Background A large number of studies on fluoride-induced systemic bone damage have been reported previously, but there is little understanding of the characteristics of fluoride accumulation in jawbone. Jawbone is homologous to the other bone tissues in the body, and is an indispensable and important frame structure in the oral cavity.

    Objective To study fluoride accumulation and its change trends in teeth, jawbone, and femur of SD rats with chronic drinking-water-borne fluorosis.

    Methods A total of 144 three-week-old SD rats, half male and half female, were randomly divided into two groups, a normal control group and a fluoride group. The rats in the normal controlgroup drank purified water disinfected and filtered from Guizhou, and the water contained 0.08 mg·kg−1 fluoride which was lower than the national water quality standard at 1 mg·kg−1. The rats in the fluoride group were fed with sodium fluoride (NaF) solution with a concentration of 150 mg·L−1. At 3, 5 and 7 months of the fluoride exposure, the levels of fluoride in urine, blood, teeth, jawbone, and femur were measured by fluoride ion electrode method.

    Results There was no sex difference in fluoride content in different biological samples of rats in the fluoride group and the normal control group (all P>0.05). After 3 months of fluoride exposure, the rats in the fluoride group showed dental fluorosis of grade II, and higher levels of fluoride ion in blood and urine than the normal control group (allP<0.05), indicating that the rat model of fluoride drinking-water-borne chronic fluorosis was successfully replicated. In the normal control group, the levels of fluoride in femur remained stable; at the end of 3 months, the levels of fluoride in jawbone and teeth were (1097.36±470.34) and (453.09±173.43) mg·kg−1 respectively, and at the end of 7 months, the levels of fluoride in jawbone and teeth were (2113.18±634.49) and (1604.80±160.43) mg·kg−1 respectively. Both jawbone and teeth showed a positive temporal effect of increasing fluoride accumulation (P<0.05). After continuous fluoride feeding, the fluoride levels in jawbone, teeth, and femur of rats in the fluoride group were (3145.02±765.82), (1550.20±77.73), and (3640.55±699.42) mg·kg−1 after 3 months, and (8420.36±1728.56), (4702.08±1417.06), and (6091.99±1384.97) mg·kg−1 after 7 months. The three kinds of hard tissues all showed a positive temporal effect of increasing fluoride accumulation (P<0.05), and the cumulative increas was large than that in the normal control group. Among them, jawbone fluorine increased most. At the end of 5 months, the levels of fluoride in jawbone, femur, and teeth were (6485.02±2141.98), (4914.99±1529.41), and (3365.21±1462.27) mg·kg−1 respectively, and the levels of fluoride in jawbone was much higher than those in femur and teeth (P<0.05).

    Conclusion Hard tissues such as bones and teeth are fluorine sensitive tissues. Compared with femur, jawbone showed significantly high fluoride accumulation, while teeth show relatively lagging fluoride accumulation.

     

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