Temperature is an environmental factor closely related to human daily life. Global climate change has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme meteorological events and climate anomalies. The associated adverse health also attracted public attention. Recently, with the processes of climate change and urbanization, epidemiological evidence pointing to a temporal change of population susceptibility to heat and/or cold over time has emerged. This paper summarized the definition of adaptation and then reviewed the studies on temporal change in temperature-related health risks at home and abroad, exploring whether the adaptation to temperature confirmed among different . Next, the research progress of influencing factors of adaptation. Finally, the common analytical methods of adaptation were reviewed. We also put forward an outlook based on the limitations of current exploratory studies. Rational identification of adaptation to temperature is of important scientific significance for the evaluation and prediction of the health effect of future climate.