崔志婷, 石群益, 李琳, 陈雪珠, 蒋才庆, 陈刚. 上海市某区部分公共建筑集中空调卫生管理及污染调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(4): 294-297. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0068
引用本文: 崔志婷, 石群益, 李琳, 陈雪珠, 蒋才庆, 陈刚. 上海市某区部分公共建筑集中空调卫生管理及污染调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(4): 294-297. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0068
CUI Zhi-ting , SHI Qun-yi , LI Lin , CHEN Xue-zhu , JIANG Cai-qing , CHEN Gang . Survey on Hygienic Management and Pollution in Central Air Conditioning Systems of Public Buildings in a District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(4): 294-297. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0068
Citation: CUI Zhi-ting , SHI Qun-yi , LI Lin , CHEN Xue-zhu , JIANG Cai-qing , CHEN Gang . Survey on Hygienic Management and Pollution in Central Air Conditioning Systems of Public Buildings in a District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(4): 294-297. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0068

上海市某区部分公共建筑集中空调卫生管理及污染调查

Survey on Hygienic Management and Pollution in Central Air Conditioning Systems of Public Buildings in a District of Shanghai

  • 摘要: 目的 了解上海市某区部分公共建筑集中空调卫生管理及污染状况,为制订监管对策及相关法规宣传提供依据。

    方法 分层随机抽取18座公共建筑集中空调通风系统的72套空调机组。通过现场资料查阅,采用调查表的方式对空调系统清洗、消毒、检测及管理工作进行调查,对空调系统卫生学指标进行现场检测。根据DB 31/405-2012《集中空调通风系统卫生管理规范》对管理行为和卫生学指标进行合格判定。

    结果 持空调系统设计说明书合格率33.33%,从业人员定期开展培训合格率22.22%,定期开展空调卫生检测合格率38.89%,能提供开业至今卫生学评价报告的单位为5.55%,风口过滤网清洗或更换合格率11.11%;风管内表面积尘量中位数0.87 g/m2,细菌总数中位数2.0 cfu/cm2,真菌总数中位数4.0 cfu/cm2,二氧化碳1 h 平均浓度0.06%。

    结论 部分公共建筑集中空调管理中存在档案管理不善,设施清洗、评价不规范状况,建筑物集中空调系统存在不同程度卫生隐患。建议卫生监督部门要加强对集中空调卫生评价及检测的管理和指导,完善空调清洗消毒工作示范机制,加强对重点场所集中空调的监督监测,加大对不合格的处罚力度。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the hygienic management and pollution levels of central air conditioning systems (CACS) in selected public buildings and to provide basis to design related supervision strategies and promotion activities.

    Methods Using stratified random sampling, 72 sets of CACS in 18 companies were selected. Hygienic management lots were obtained on-site. Survey forms were designed to collect information on cleaning, disinfection, testing, and management of CACS. A field investigation was conducted to evaluate hygienic indicators. Results were judged according to the Hygienic Specification for the Management of Central Ventilation and Air Conditioning System (DB 31/405-2012).

    Results Of all the companies investigated, 33.33% companies presented required manuals on CACS design specifications, 22.22% delivered regular related trainings to their employees, 38.89% conducted regular hygiene tests, 5.55% conducted hygiene evaluations, and 11.11% cleaned or replaced vent filters regularly. The median of amount of dust on inner surface of exhaust pipe was 0.87 g/m2, the median of total number of bacteria was 2.0 cfu/cm2, and the total number of fungi was 4.0 cfu/cm2. The one-hour average concentration of carbon dioxide was 0.06%.

    Conclusion A part of the CACSs in the public buildings pose hygienic threats by disqualified records management, equipment cleaning, and hygienic evaluations. It requires strengthened supervision and penalties.

     

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