上海青浦某农村社区居民高血压患病现状及危险因素分析
Prevalence of Hypertension and Risk Factors among Adults in a Rural Community in Qingpu District of Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 了解上海市青浦区某农村社区35~74 岁人群高血压患病率,探讨高血压相关危险因素。 方法按照等比例分层随机抽样原则,抽取青浦区某镇一个行政村999 名35~74 岁本地常住居民进行横断面调查,同时进行体格和生化检查。 结果 该社区35~74 岁人群高血压患病率37.94%(标化率34.10%),男、女性分别为38.54%(标化率35.19%)和37.38%(标化率33.15%);高血压前期患病率为35.84%(标化率36.53%)。该人群高血压患病知晓率为73.88%,治疗率55.15%,控制率41.95%。单因素分析显示:高血压患病率随年龄增长而升高(P< 0.01)。该病患病率与年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、糖尿病、糖耐量异常(IGT)、超重或肥胖和中心性肥胖有关;logistic 回归分析显示:年龄大、患糖尿病、IGT、超重或肥胖和中心性肥胖是高血压患病的危险因素。 结论 上海青浦农村35 岁以上人群高血压患病率较高,其发病与多种因素有关,应加强社区高血压综合防治措施。 Abstract:Objective To investigate hypertension prevalence and related factors among 35-74-year-old residents in a rural community in Qingpu District of Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey on hypertension was conducted among 999 local residents of 35-74 years old in a village by a stratified random sampling approach. Physical and biochemical examinations were also conducted. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 37.94% among the participants (adjusted prevalence, 34.10%), 38.54% (adjusted prevalence, 35.19%) among male, and 37.38% (adjusted prevalence, 33.15%) among female. The prehypertension prevalence was 35.84% (adjusted prevalence, 36.3%). The proportions of awareness, treatment, and control of clinical hypertensive patients among the participants were 73.88%, 55.15%, and 41.95%, respectively. The results of single factors analysis indicated that the prevalence of hypertension increased with rising age (P< 0.01). The prevalence of hypertension was associated with age, education, occupation, marital status, diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), overweight or obesity, and central obesity. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated the following potential risk factors: age, diabetes, IGT, overweight or obesity, and central obesity. Conclusion A high prevalence rate of hypertension is reported among adults at 35-74 years of age in a rural community in Qingpu District of Shanghai. Various potential risk factors may associate with its occurrence. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control measures against hypertension should be strengthened and adopted．
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