油区新装修家居和办公场所室内空气质量调查
Indoor Air Quality in Newly Decorated Residences and Offices in an Oil Region
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摘要:
目的 调查某油区家居和办公场所装修后室内空气污染状况,对油区室内空气质量进行初步分析。 方法 在油田基地及附近各主要生产生活区域,随机抽样选取装修后0~12 个月的62 套家居和13 个办公场所,进行室内空气中的甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、氨、总挥发性有机物(TVOC)、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、环境辐射检测。 结果 甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、氨、TVOC 平均浓度分别为(0.07& #177;0.19)、(0.04& #177;0.18)、(0.10& #177;0.24)、(0.12& #177;0.31)、(0.13& #177;0.36)、(0.39& #177;2.06)mg/m3,均有超标现象。其中,甲醛超标率最高,为28.9%;其次是TVOC,为9.0%。家居中卧室甲醛超标率最高,为58.9%,分别与客厅、书房比较,差异均有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。办公场所不同房间各污染物的超标率差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。按装修后时间<3 个月、3~6 个月和>6 个月的污染物浓度分析,甲醛、氨的超标率差异有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。 结论 甲醛在所有被检测的污染物中超标率最高,仍是需要重点关注的污染物。该油区室内空气质量受油田生产影响较小。 Abstract:Objective To evaluate the air contamination status in newly decorated residences and offices in an oil region and analyze indoor air quality. Methods A random sampling technique was used to select 62 residences and 13 offices which were decorated within 0-12 months near major production or living areas in an oilfield base. Selected air quality indicators included formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and environmental radiation. Results The average concentrations of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, and TVOC were (0.07& #177;0.19), (0.04& #177;0.18), (0.10& #177;0.24), (0.12& #177;0.31), (0.13& #177;0.36), and (0.39& #177;2.06) mg/m3, respectively, all above the relevant national standard limits. The highest disqualified rate was 28.9% for formaldehyde, followed by 9.0% for TVOC. The highest disqualified rate in bedrooms was 58.9% for formaldehyde, significantly higher than that in living rooms or study rooms (P< 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the disqualified rates of all indoor air quality indicators among all selected office rooms (P> 0.05). To compare different time intervals from decoration to the evaluation date (<3 months, 3-6 months, or >6 months), the disqualified rates of formaldehyde and ammonia showed statistically significant differences (P< 0.01). Conclusion Among all air quality indicators detected, formaldehyde shows the highest disqualified rate, indicating that it needs more attention. The indoor air quality in the oil region is barely affected by the oilfield production.
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