上海市某社区常住居民吸烟状况分析林
Smoking Prevalence in De Jure Residents in an Urban Community of Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 通过深入调查上海市某区常住社区居民的吸烟情况及影响因素,为进一步开展有效控烟提供科学依据。 方法 2007 年9-12 月,采取整群抽样的方法,对上海市某社区11 个居委的13 567 名全年龄段常住居民进行问卷调查。调查内容包括:人口学特征资料、个人吸烟、饮酒、饮茶情况。应用卡方检验和非条件logistic 回归方法评估吸烟与调查因素的关联。 结果 调查对象总吸烟率21.0%(2 083/9 903)。除家庭人均月收入外,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、工种、饮酒状况、饮茶状况人群吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。吸烟者开始吸烟年龄为(22.7& #177;6.4)岁,65.4%的居民起床后60 min 以内开始吸第一支烟。多因素分析显示:男性吸烟率高于女性(OR=46.97,95% CI:33.26,66.32);20~、30~、40~ 岁年龄组吸烟率均大于<20 岁组,OR值(95% CI)分别为3.56(2.06,6.17)、4.42(2.50,7.83)、4.16(2.43,7.14);大专及以上文化程度者吸烟率低于初中及以下(OR=0.59,95% CI:0.43~0.81);从事脑力劳动者吸烟率低于从事体力劳动者(OR=0.78,95% CI:0.61~0.98);已婚者和丧偶者的吸烟率高于未婚者,OR值(95% CI)分别为2.21(1.07,4.58)、2.19(1.70,2.81);饮酒者吸烟率高于不饮酒者(OR=2.53,95% CI:1.97~3.26);饮茶者吸烟率高于不饮茶者(OR=2.29,95% CI:1.87~2.81)。 结论 上海市某社区常住居民的总体吸烟率较高。男性、中年人、较低的文化程度、体力劳动者以及有饮茶和饮酒习惯的人群,与吸烟行为的关系更密切。 Abstract:Objective To update the prevalence of smoking and its risk factors in de jure residents of a community and to provide scientific basis for further effective tobacco control strategy in Shanghai. Methods A large-scale cross-sectional study was performed using cluster sampling technique from September to December in 2007. Totally 13 567 de jure residents from the administrative areas of 11 resident committees in one selected urban community in Shanghai were invited to a questionnaire survey on demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol drinking, and tea consumption. Chi-square and non-conditional logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between smoking status and selected risk factors. Results The overall smoking rate was 21.0% in the selected participants. There were significant differences in smoking rates among the population by gender, age, educational level, marital status, occupation, alcohol drinking, and tea consumption, except for average family monthly income per capita (P<0.05). The average starting age of the first life-time cigarette was (22.7& #177;6.4) years, and 65.4% of the smokers had the first cigarette of a day within 60 min after morning wake-up. The multi-factor analysis suggested a higher smoking rate among males than females (OR=46.97, 95% CI: 33.26-6.32); the 20-, 30-, and 40-years age groups reported a higher smoking rate than those younger than 20 years with the ORs (95% CI) of 3.56 (2.06-6.17), 4.42 (2.50-7.83), and 4.16 (2.43-7.14), respectively; the parcipants with college and above educational level (versus those with junior high school educational level and below, OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.43-0.81) and white-collar workers (versus blue-collar workers, OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-0.98) reported less smoking; the married or widowed participants reported more smoking than those unmarried, with ORs (95% CI) of 2.21 (1.07-4.58) and 2.19 (1.70-2.81), respectively; the participants used to drink alcohol (OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.97-3.26) and tea (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.87-2.81) had higher smoking rates than those did not. Conclusion The overall prevalence of smoking is high among the de jure population in the selected urban community in Shanghai. Those who are males, middle-aged, with lower educational level, manual labors, and having habits of alcohol or tea drinking are associated with higher smoking rates.
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