彭晔, 张旭刚, 韩轶超, 甄萍, 孙红霞, 王雪静, 张禹. 衡水市教师健康检查甲状腺结节患病率及相关因素分析[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(11): 872-875. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0212
引用本文: 彭晔, 张旭刚, 韩轶超, 甄萍, 孙红霞, 王雪静, 张禹. 衡水市教师健康检查甲状腺结节患病率及相关因素分析[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(11): 872-875. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0212
PENG Ye , ZHANG Xu-gang , HAN Yi-chao , ZHEN Ping , SUN Hong-xia , WANG Xue-jing , ZHANG Yu . Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Associated Factors among Teachers in Hengshui[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(11): 872-875. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0212
Citation: PENG Ye , ZHANG Xu-gang , HAN Yi-chao , ZHEN Ping , SUN Hong-xia , WANG Xue-jing , ZHANG Yu . Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Associated Factors among Teachers in Hengshui[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(11): 872-875. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0212

衡水市教师健康检查甲状腺结节患病率及相关因素分析

Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Associated Factors among Teachers in Hengshui

  • 摘要: 目的 了解衡水市教师甲状腺结节流行状况及相关因素。

    方法 收集2012 年1 月至2013 年7 月在某医院进行健康检查的该市教师2 863 例健康检查资料及问卷调查,进行汇总分析。

    结果 ①甲状腺结节总患病率为31.68%(907/2 863),其中男性患病率25.85%,女性患病率35.93%,女性明显高于男性(χ2=32.779,P=0.000)。②共检出甲状腺结节患者907 例,甲状腺结节大小在2 mm& #215;1 mm ~ 80 mm& #215;87 mm之间。多发515 例(56.78%),单发392 例(43.22%);双侧428 例(47.19%),单侧479 例(52.81%),其中右叶256 例(28.22%),左叶223 例(24.59%);实性613 例(67.59%),囊性140 例(15.44%),囊实性86 例(9.48%),伴钙化68 例(7.50%),检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。③甲状腺结节患病率呈现随年龄的增长而增加的趋势(趋势χ2=92.852,P=0.000),>60 岁年龄段患病率最高,达到46.31%,每一年龄段女性患病率均高于男性(P<0.05)。④中专及大学教师中女性患病率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。⑤多因素logistic 回归分析显示:与男性教师相比,女性教师更易患甲状腺结节(OR=1.939,95% CI=1.622~2.318);随年龄增长罹患甲状腺结节的风险增加(OR=1.388,95% CI=1.299~1.483);睡眠差(OR=1.999,95% CI=1.647~2.426)可能是罹患甲状腺结节的危险因素。

    结论 衡水市教师甲状腺结节患病率较高,存在性别、年龄效应修饰作用,睡眠差可能是罹患甲状腺结节的危险因素。倡导教师健康工作、生活方式,保证充足睡眠可能对预防甲状腺结节起到重要作用。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and associated factors among teachers in Hengshui.

    Methods A total of 2 863 teachers who underwent physical examinations in a general hospital from January 2012 to July 2013 were included. Physical examination data and self-administered questionnaires were collected for statistical analysis.

    Results ① The general prevalence of thyroid nodules was 31.68% (907/2 863) in participated teachers. The prevalence rates of thyroid nodules among males and females were 25.85% and 35.93% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=32.779, P=0.000). ② Regarding the nature of thyroid nodule among the 907 participants with thyroid nodules ranged from 2 mm& #215;1mm to 80 mm& #215; 87 mm, 515 cases were multiple (56.78%) and 392 cases were single (43.22%); 428 cases were bilateral, 479 cases were unilateral, among which 256 cases were located in right lobe and 223 cases were in left lobe; 613 cases were solid (67.59%), 140 cases were cystic (15.44%), 86 cases were solid and cystic (9.48%), and 68 cases were calcification (7.50%) (P<0.01). ③ With age increasing, the prevalence of thyroid nodules increased (trend χ2=92.852, P=0.000). The highest prevalence rate (46.31%) was found in the group aged >60 years, and the female prevalence rate was higher than the male in each age group (P<0.05).④ The female prevalence rate was higher than the male in secondary schools and universities (P<0.05). ⑤ The results of logistic regression analysis showed that female teachers were more likely to be diagnosed with thyroid nodules than male teachers (OR=1.939, 95% CI: 1.622-2.318); the prevalence of thyroid nodules increased with age (OR=1.388, 95% CI: 1.299-1.483); poor sleeping quality was associated with the occurrence of thyroid nodules (OR=1.999, 95% CI: 1.647-2.426).

    Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules is high among the teachers in Hengshui and modified by gender and age. Poor sleeping quality could be a potential risk factor for thyroid nodules. Promoting healthy working and living style, especially adequate sleeping, may help prevent thyroid nodules in teachers.

     

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