上海市2005-2013年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析
Epidemiological Analysis on Public Health Emergencies at Schools in Shanghai during 2005-2013
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摘要:
目的 分析上海市2005-2013 年学校突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征和变化趋势,为学校公共卫生事件防控工作提供参考。 方法 对上海市2005-2013 年突发公共卫生事件监测系统报告的学校突发公共卫生事件,进行描述性流行病学分析。 结果 2005-2013 年上海市共报告学校突发公共卫生事件215 起,其中传染病事件182 起(84.7%),群体性预防接种反应事件18起(9.1%),食物中毒事件15起(7.0%)。学校传染病突发公共卫生事件高峰在5月份、11 和12 月份,群体性预防接种反应事件只发生在9-10 月份。不同事件在月份分布上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。小学的突发公共卫生事件发生最多,水痘、流行性腮腺炎等呼吸道疾病是学校突发事件的主要疾病。 结论 2005-2013年上海市学校突发公共卫生事件的数量呈现先升后降的趋势,学校突发公共卫生事件以呼吸道疾病为主,主要发生在小学。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends of public health emergencies at schools in Shanghai, aiming to provide scientific evidence and related strategies for efficient prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was utilized to analyze the data of public health emergencies at schools in Shanghai retrieved from the Emergency Public Reporting System during 2005-2013． Results It reported 215 public health emergencies at schools in Shanghai during 2005-2013, including 182 infectious disease events, 18 mass vaccination response events, and 15 food-poisoning events, accounting for 84.7%, 9.1%, and 7.0%, respectively. The peaks of infectious disease events at schools occurred in May, November, and December, while mass vaccination response events only occurred in September and October. There was a significant difference in monthly distribution of emergency events (P<0.001). The public health emergencies were most common in primary schools and mainly composed of such respiratory diseases as varicelle and epidemic parotitis mumps. Conclusion The number of public health emergencies at schools first increased and then decreased in Shanghai during 2005-2013. Respiratory diseases take a large part of emergencies at schools. The public health emergencies occur frequently in primary schools．
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