华正兵, 孙志谦, 秦天榜, 云翔, 金玉兰, 康绍叁, 范雪云, 贠永峰, 沈福海. 河北某煤矿工人累积接尘量与尘肺发病危险性的剂量-反应关系[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14194
引用本文: 华正兵, 孙志谦, 秦天榜, 云翔, 金玉兰, 康绍叁, 范雪云, 贠永峰, 沈福海. 河北某煤矿工人累积接尘量与尘肺发病危险性的剂量-反应关系[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14194
HUA Zheng-bing , SUN Zhi-qian , QIN Tianbang , YUN Xiang , JIN Yu-lan , KANG Shao-san , FAN Xue-yun , YUN Yong-feng , SHEN Fu-hai . Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Dust Exposure and Pneumoconiosis Risk among Workers Exposed to Dust in a Coal Mine in Hebei Province[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14194
Citation: HUA Zheng-bing , SUN Zhi-qian , QIN Tianbang , YUN Xiang , JIN Yu-lan , KANG Shao-san , FAN Xue-yun , YUN Yong-feng , SHEN Fu-hai . Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Dust Exposure and Pneumoconiosis Risk among Workers Exposed to Dust in a Coal Mine in Hebei Province[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(1): 1-6. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14194

河北某煤矿工人累积接尘量与尘肺发病危险性的剂量-反应关系

Dose-Response Relationship between Cumulative Dust Exposure and Pneumoconiosis Risk among Workers Exposed to Dust in a Coal Mine in Hebei Province

  • 摘要: 目的 通过对河北唐山某煤业集团唐山地区所属煤矿接尘工人的队列研究,分析煤工尘肺发病特征,研究接尘工人累积接尘量与尘肺发病危险性的剂量-反应关系。

    方法 以该集团1970-2010年开始接尘工人为研究对象,按照研究内容收集资料,通过寿命表的方法对累积接尘量与累计发病率进行分析。煤工尘肺患者发病年龄、接尘工龄、潜伏期等采用单因素方差分析;发病率差异采用χ2检验,累计发病率之间差异采用Log-Rank检验。

    结果 符合纳入标准接尘工人共17 023人,其中煤工尘肺患者838人,发病率为4.92%。掘进工尘肺发病率最高(17.91%),其次为混合工(11.35%),以下为采煤工(8.74%)和辅助工(0.81%),4个工种尘肺发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1168.08,P<0.001)。按累积接尘量分段,掘进工在1 700 mg/(m3& #183;年)~组段的累计发病率为49.79%;采煤工在1 800 mg/(m3& #183;年)及以上组段的累计发病率为35.92%;混合工在1 800 mg/(m3& #183;年)及以上组段的累计发病率为38.01%;辅助工在16 mg/(m3& #183;年)及以上组段的累计发病率为3.69%。

    结论 不同工种的累计发病率均随着累积接尘量的增加逐渐增高。在一定累积接尘量区间内,累计发病率快速增长,此累积接尘量区间下的限值为:掘进工900 mg/(m3& #183;年),采煤工1 200 mg/(m3& #183;年),混合工1 000 mg/(m3& #183;年),有参考意义。

     

    Abstract: Objective To identify the characteristics of pneumoconiosis incidents and assess the dose-response relationship between cumulative dust dose and the incidence risk of pneumoconiosis through a dust-exposed worker cohort in a coal mine in Tangshan.

    Methods All workers exposed to dust during 1970 to 2010 in the coal mine were enrolled as study subjects. Life-table method was used to analyze the cumulative dust exposure dose and cumulative incidence. Age of onset, years of dust exposure, and latency period of patients with coal miner's pneumoconiosis (CMP) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The incidence rates were analyzed by the χ2 test, and the cumulative incidence rates by Log-Rank test.

    Results There were 17 023 coal mine workers meeting the enrollment requirements, including 838 CWP patients with an incidence rate of 4.92%. The incidence rates of tunneling, mixing, mining, and assistant workers were 17.91%, 11.35%, 8.74%, and 0.81%, respectively (χ2=1 168.08, P<0.001). The cumulative incidence rate was 49.79% for tunneling workers in the 1 700 mg/(m3& #183;years) group, 35.92% for the mining workers in the 1 800-mg/(m3& #183;years) group, 38.01% for the mixing workers in the 1 800-mg/(m3& #183;years) group, and 3.69% for the assistant workers in the 16-mg/(m3& #183;years) group.

    Conclusion With the cumulative dust exposure dose increasing, the cumulative incidence rates of selected occupational categories increase. Within a certain range of cumulative dust exposure dose, the cumulative incidence rapidly grows, and the lower limit value of the range is identified as 900 mg/(m3& #183;years) for tunneling workers, 1 200 mg/(m3& #183;years) for mining workers, and 1 000 mg/(m3& #183;years) for mixing workers. These findings are of significant reference value.

     

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