冯和玺, 关怀, 梅俊杰, 王博, 席天舒, 李婷婷, 朴丰源. 妊娠期大鼠皮下注射尼古丁对子代发育和行为的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(1): 11-15. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14215
引用本文: 冯和玺, 关怀, 梅俊杰, 王博, 席天舒, 李婷婷, 朴丰源. 妊娠期大鼠皮下注射尼古丁对子代发育和行为的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(1): 11-15. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14215
FENG He-xi , GUAN Huai , MEI Jun-jie , WANG Bo , XI Tian-shu , LI Ting-ting , PIAO Feng-yuan . Developmental and Neurobehavioral Effects of Maternal Exposure to Nicotine on Offspring Rats[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(1): 11-15. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14215
Citation: FENG He-xi , GUAN Huai , MEI Jun-jie , WANG Bo , XI Tian-shu , LI Ting-ting , PIAO Feng-yuan . Developmental and Neurobehavioral Effects of Maternal Exposure to Nicotine on Offspring Rats[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(1): 11-15. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14215

妊娠期大鼠皮下注射尼古丁对子代发育和行为的影响

Developmental and Neurobehavioral Effects of Maternal Exposure to Nicotine on Offspring Rats

  • 摘要: 目的 研究妊娠期大鼠皮下注射尼古丁对仔鼠发育和行为的影响。

    方法 24只孕期SD大鼠随机分为对照组和1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/kg染毒组,每组6只。受孕第7天起至仔鼠出生前,给予孕鼠皮下注射0、1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/kg尼古丁生理盐水溶液1 mL,1次/d;观察仔鼠出生后生长发育的一般指标(体重、脐带脱落、耳廓展开、萌齿、睁眼)变化,测定早期神经反射、水迷宫及学习记忆能力;观察仔鼠大脑海马区神经元突触超微结构。

    结果 与对照组相比,实验组仔鼠体重显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);耳廓张开时间,对照组(3.41& #177;0.44) d,4.0 mg/kg组(4.43& #177;0.47) d;萌齿时间,对照组(10.98& #177;1.21) d,4.0 mg/kg组(13.11& #177;1.14) d;开眼时间,对照组(13.56& #177;1.02) d,4.0 mg/kg组(15.89& #177;1.20) d;3项指标两组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期神经反射,对照组仔鼠出生后第4天和第7天达标率高于各实验组;水迷宫实验,对照组仔鼠潜伏期(39.66& #177;8.54)s,2.0 mg/kg组(55.96& #177;8.51)s,4.0 mg/kg组(58.99& #177;7.66)s;目标区域停留时间,对照组仔鼠(41.22& #177;6.23)s,1.0 mg/kg组(33.25& #177;6.98)s,2.0 mg/kg组(30.33& #177;8.21)s,4.0 mg/kg组(22.54& #177;8.54)s;穿越平台次数,对照组仔鼠(6.64& #177;0.96)次,2.0 mg/kg组(4.23& #177;1.04)次,4.0 mg/kg组(3.19& #177;1.11)次。超微结构观察显示尼古丁对海马区神经元突触损伤作用与暴露剂量呈正相关。

    结论 妊娠中晚期较大剂量尼古丁暴露影响仔鼠的生长发育,但是对仔鼠的早期神经反射及空间学习记忆能力影响相对更明显,这可能是尼古丁主要影响了神经的生长发育。

     

    Abstract: Objective To examine the effects of maternal exposure to nicotine by subcutaneous injection on the development and behavior of offspring rats.

    Methods Twenty-four pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups and treated with nicotine saline at 0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mg/kg daily through subcutaneous injections started at the seventh day of pregnancy until the pups were born. General indicators (weight, umbilical cord prolapse, ears open, tooth eruption, and eyes open), early reflex, ability of le arning and memory, and synaptic ultrastructure in hippocampus neurons in the pups were observed.

    Results The pups' weights in the experiment groups were significantly inferior to the controls' (P<0.05, P<0.01). The time of ears open was (3.41& #177;0.44) d for the control group and (4.43& #177;0.47) d for the 4.0 mg/kg group (P<0.05). The time of tooth eruption was (10.98& #177;1.21) d for the control group and (13.11& #177;1.14) d for the 4.0mg/kg group (P<0.05). The time of eyes open was (13.56& #177;1.02) d for the control group and (15.89& #177;1.20) d for the 4.0 mg/kg group (P<0.05). The qualified rates of early reflex indicators of the control pups at day 4 and day 7 were significantly higher than those of each experimental group. In Morris water maze, the escape latency was (39.66& #177;8.54)s for the control group, (55.96& #177;8.51)s for the 2.0 mg/kg group, and (58.99& #177;7.66)s for the 4.0 mg/kg group; the time spent in targeted quadrant was (41.22& #177;6.23)s for the control group, (33.25& #177;6.98)s for the 1.0 mg/kg group, (30.33& #177;8.21)s for the 2.0 mg/kg group, and (22.54& #177;8.54)s for the 4.0 mg/kg group; the times of platform crossings were 6.64& #177;0.96 for the control group, 4.23& #177;1.04 for the 2.0 mg/kg group, and 3.19& #177;1.11 for the 4.0 mg/kg group. The ultramicroscopic observation showed the damages to neuron synaptic structure in hippocampus was positively correlated with the exposure dose of nicotine.

    Conclusion Maternal exposure to high-dose nicotine during pregnancy would affect offspring rat's growth and development, especially the abilities of early reflex, space learning and memory. A potential mechanism could be the damage to nerve growth and development induced by nicotine.

     

/

返回文章
返回