王茜, 陈雨露, 连玉龙, 刘继文. 乌鲁木齐市三大类脑力工作者职业紧张及影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(9): 836-840. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14665
引用本文: 王茜, 陈雨露, 连玉龙, 刘继文. 乌鲁木齐市三大类脑力工作者职业紧张及影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(9): 836-840. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14665
WANG Qian , CHEN Yu-lu , LIAN Yu-long , LIU Ji-wen . Occupational Stress and Influencing Factors among Mental Workers in Three Job Categories in Urumqi[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(9): 836-840. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14665
Citation: WANG Qian , CHEN Yu-lu , LIAN Yu-long , LIU Ji-wen . Occupational Stress and Influencing Factors among Mental Workers in Three Job Categories in Urumqi[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(9): 836-840. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14665

乌鲁木齐市三大类脑力工作者职业紧张及影响因素

Occupational Stress and Influencing Factors among Mental Workers in Three Job Categories in Urumqi

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨不同岗位脑力工作者职业紧张情况及其影响因素,作为制定干预措施的依据。

    方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取3 200名脑力工作者作为样本,根据工作紧张测量问卷(JSS)、应激相关工作分析工具6.0(ISTA 6.0)量表、生活事件量表(LES)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)和社会支持评定量表对其进行问卷调查并对调查结果进行综合分析。

    结果 职业紧张水平:男性在工作紧张、工作压力、组织支持缺乏的得分均高于女性(P<0.01),其中男性工作紧张均分为(2.76& #177;0.36)分,女性为(2.63& #177;0.42)分;30岁~年龄组工作紧张(2.72& #177;0.38)分、工作压力(2.26& #177;0.43)分、组织支持缺乏(2.11& #177;0.45)分最高(P<0.05);高学历的工作紧张水平、工作压力得分均高于低学历者(P<0.01)。调节可能性、调节问题以及生活事件(正性事件刺激、负性事件刺激)与紧张水平呈正相关(r=0.090、r=0.346、r=0.338,P<0.01);客观支持、支持利用度以及幸福感与紧张水平呈负相关(r=-0.080、r=-0.093、r=-0.272,P<0.01)。性别、教育学历程度、调节问题、正负性事件刺激、个人心理反应(幸福感反向评分)是紧张反应水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。

    结论 不同岗位脑力工作者职业紧张水平存在差异,应重视脑力工作者职业紧张情况。

     

    Abstract: Objective To evaluate the occupational stress levels of mental workers of different occupations and related influencing factors, and to provide a theoretical basis for making interventions.

    Methods Mental workers (n=3 200) were selected by stratified cluster random sampling strategy. Job Stress Survey (JSS) questionnaire, instrument ISTA6.0, Life Event Scale (LES), General Well-Being Schedule (GWB), and Social Support Rating Scale were applied and the results were analyzed.

    Results Occupational Stress:Men were significantly higher than women in work tension, work pressure, and lack of organizational support (P<0.01). Specifically, the average score of work tension was (2.76& #177;0.36) for men and (2.63& #177;0.42) for women (P<0.01), the 30-years age group was higher compared to other age groups in terms of work tension (2.72& #177;0.38), work pressure, and lack of organizational support (P<0.05), the highly educated mental workers reported higher scores of work tension and work pressure than those with lower education level (P<0.01). Adjustment possibilities, adjustment problems, and life events (both positive and negative events) were positively correlated with occupational stress (r=0.090, r=0.346, r=0.338, respectively, P<0.01); objective support, utilization, and well-being were negatively correlated with occupational stress (r=-0.080, r=-0.093, r=-0.272, respectively, P<0.01). The main factors of occupational stress level included gender, education level, adjustment problems, positive and negative life events, individual psychological response (reverse of well-being) (P<0.05).

    Conclusion Occupational stress at different levels is identified in mental workers from various occupations. Therefore, more concerns should be taken on their occupational stress levels.

     

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