辽宁省锦州市某中学学生尿铅水平及影响因素
Urinary Lead Levels and Influencing Factors in Students of a Middle School in Jinzhou,Liaoning
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摘要:
目的 了解辽宁省锦州市某中学学生尿铅水平及其影响因素。 方法 采用整群随机抽样,从锦州市随机抽取一所中学,在初一到初三每个年级中随机抽取一个班,共计137名学生进行问卷调查,并留取晨尿作为检测样本,采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定尿铅含量。 结果 尿铅含量中位数为55.300μg/L,男生、女生分别为48.704μg/L和56.450μg/L,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);12、13、14、15岁年龄组尿铅含量中位数分别为34.535、57.870、55.300、73.100μg/L;15岁年龄组的尿铅含量高于12岁和13岁组,差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示:年龄大、父母吸烟、居住环境装修和经常吃街边零食可使尿铅升高,而经常吃水果和喝牛奶者尿铅水平较低。 结论 该校学生尿铅水平可能与其居住环境、饮水习惯以及生活习惯、父母因素有关。 Abstract:Objective To measure the urinary lead level and identify its influencing factors in students of a middle school in Jinzhou,Liaoning Province. Methods Using cluster sampling method,one class was randomly selected from each of Grade 7-9 of a randomly picked junior high school in Jinzhou.A total of 137 students were recruited and invited to a questionnaire survey,and their morning urine samples were also collected to determine urinary lead level by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The median of urinary lead levels was 55.300 μg/L.The median values for boys and girls were 48.704 μg/L and 56.450 μg/L respectively,but no gender difference was found (P > 0.05).The 12,13,14,and 15 years old age groups' urine lead medians were 34.535,57.870,55.300,and 73.100 μg/L,respectively.The level of lead in the 15 years old age group was significantly higher than that of the students aged 12 or 13 years old (P < 0.05).Older age,parental smoking,decoration of living environment,and eating street snacks frequently contributed to higher urinary lead levels;but eating fruit frequently and drinking milk contributed to lower levels. Conclusion The middle school students' urine lead levels might be associated with living environment,drinking water and living habits,and parental factors.
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