孟春燕, 李清钊, 李太山, 陈旭峰, 程水源, 李艳辉. 汽车喷漆涂料挥发性有机物对小鼠肝脏的损伤作用[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(11): 1058-1061. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14768
引用本文: 孟春燕, 李清钊, 李太山, 陈旭峰, 程水源, 李艳辉. 汽车喷漆涂料挥发性有机物对小鼠肝脏的损伤作用[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(11): 1058-1061. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14768
MENG Chun-yan , LI Qing-zhao , LI Tai-shan , CHEN Xu-feng , CHENG Shui-yuan , LI Yan-hui . Damage to Mouse Liver Induced by Volatile Organic Compounds in Automotive Spray Paint[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(11): 1058-1061. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14768
Citation: MENG Chun-yan , LI Qing-zhao , LI Tai-shan , CHEN Xu-feng , CHENG Shui-yuan , LI Yan-hui . Damage to Mouse Liver Induced by Volatile Organic Compounds in Automotive Spray Paint[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(11): 1058-1061. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.14768

汽车喷漆涂料挥发性有机物对小鼠肝脏的损伤作用

Damage to Mouse Liver Induced by Volatile Organic Compounds in Automotive Spray Paint

  • 摘要: 目的 研究汽车喷漆涂料挥发性有机物对小鼠肝脏的损伤作用,为了解此类涂料的安全性提供基础。

    方法 清洁级昆明种雄性小鼠78 只,随机分为13 组,每组6 只。4 种汽车喷漆涂料分别分为低、中、高三个染毒剂量组(染毒终浓度分别为底漆:320、600、1 110 mg/m3;面漆:300、580、1 080 mg/m3;清漆:350、680、1 280 mg/m3;黑漆:400、580、1 350 mg/m3),用静式呼吸道染毒法染毒,每天染毒2 h;对照组放入无喷漆涂料的染毒柜2 h;持续28 d。实验期结束后,进行肝功能血液生化检测,并取肝制备病理切片。

    结果 4 种涂料挥发性有机物中均含有苯和苯系物、烯烃、烷烃等有机成分。肝病理切片观察表明,4 种油漆不同剂量染毒后小鼠肝细胞均出现不同程度的损伤,高剂量组细胞损伤较严重。各染毒组小鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量较对照组均有不同程度增加,但剂量反应关系不明显。黑漆各染毒组ALT 含量均高于对照组,中、高剂量组AST、ALP 含量高于对照组(P<0.05),低剂量组与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);面漆各染毒组ALT、ALP 含量均高于对照组(P<0.05),高剂量组ALT、AST 含量高于低剂量组和中剂量组,高剂量组ALP 含量高于低剂量组(P<0.05);清漆各染毒组ALT、AST、ALP 含量均高于对照组(P<0.05),ALP 含量随着染毒剂量的升高而增加(P<0.05);底漆各染毒组ALT 含量均高于对照组,AST、ALP含量仅高剂量组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同涂料同一剂量组间比较,清漆对肝功能影响较大。

    结论 汽车喷漆涂料挥发性有机物对小鼠肝脏有明显的肝毒性,并且染毒剂量越大毒性越明显。

     

    Abstract: Objective To study the mouse liver damage induced by volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in automotive spray paint, and to provide a basis for understanding the safety level of such paints.

    Methods Male Kunming mice of clean grade(n=78) were divided into 13 groups randomly, with 6 mice for each group. Four kinds of automotive spray paint at low, middle, and high doses(primer: 320, 600, and 1 110 mg/m3; topcoat: 300, 580, and 1080 mg/m3; varnish: 350, 680, and 1 280 mg/m3; black paint: 400, 580, and 1 350 mg/m3) were administered to the mice by static respiratory exposure for 2 h every day for 28 d; the control mice were placed in exposure cabinet with no spray paint for 2 h every day for 28 d. Animals were sacrificed on the final day to conduct blood biochemical exams and prepare pathological sections of liver.

    Results The four kinds of VOCs paint all contained benzene and its homologues, alkenes, alkanes, and other organic components. According to the liver pathological observation, mice hepatocytes were damaged to varying degrees after exposed to the four kinds of paint at different concentrations, and the injury was more severe in the high dose groups. The levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) in each exposure group were higher than those of the control group but no obvious doseresponse relationships were observed. After the black paint exposure, ALT in the three dose groups as well as AST and ALP in themiddle and high dose groups were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05); no significant differences were found between the low dose group and the control group(P>0.05). After the topcoat exposure, ALT and ALP in the three dose groups were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05); ALT and AST in the high dose group were higher than those in the low and middle dose groups; ALP in the high dose group was higher than that in low dose group(P<0.05). After the varnish exposure, ALT, AST, and ALP in the three dose groups were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05), and ALP increased with higher exposure doses(P<0.05). After the primer exposure, ALT in the three dose groups were higher than that in control group; differences in AST and ALP were found between the high dose group and the control group(P<0.05). Comparing the four kinds of paint at the same dose, varnish presented greater damage to liver function indicators.

    Conclusion The VOCs in automotive spray paint has significant toxicity to mouse liver in a dose-dependent manner.

     

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