上海市黄浦区放射诊疗机构X射线防护服管理现状调查
Cross-Sectional Survey on X-Ray Protective Garments in Radiodiagnosis and Radiotherapy Institutions in Huangpu District, Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 对黄浦区放射诊疗机构中X射线防护服配置种类、分布、管理现状进行调查,指导放射诊疗机构正确管理X射线防护服,提高受检者使用X射线防护服的意愿,保护放射诊疗工作人员和受检者的健康安全。 方法 以问卷调查以及现场检查方式对黄浦区放射诊疗机构X射线防护服的配置、使用和管理状况进行调查。 结果 黄浦区共有放射诊疗机构99 户,X射线机房252 间,配备的X射线防护服773 件,其中防护帽238 件,防护围脖213 件,防护裙150 件,防护背心78 件、防护巾94 件。773 件X射线防护服中,使用时间 ≤ 5 年的有467 件,占总数的60.4%,其中三级医疗机构使用时间 ≤ 5 年的有164 件,高于二级医疗机构的87 件(χ2=6.047,P<0.05)和民营及个体的152 件(χ2=24.259,P<0.05)。该区放射诊疗机构均未对使用5 年以上的X射线防护服进行检查;对X射线防护服开展清洁和消毒的机构55 家,占机构总数的55.6%,民营及个体开展清洁和消毒的户数有43 家(66.2%),高于二级医疗机构的3 家(23.1%,P<0.05);与一级和三级医疗机构比较, 差异无统计学意义。采用悬挂方式放置防护衣的机构39 家,占机构总数的39.4%,其中民营及个体有32 家,与二级医疗机构的1 家比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),与一级和三级医疗机构比较,差异无统计学意义。X射线防护服使用率只有25.0%。 结论 黄浦区放射诊疗机构配备的X射线防护服数量符合要求,但有部分X射线防护服使用时间较长,不仅未开展检查且也未按照正确方式放置,X射线防护服使用率较低。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the type, distribution, and routine management of X-ray protective garments in radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy institutions in Huangpu District, so as to guide professionals to the appropriate use of protective garments, increase patients' willingness to wear, and protect their health and safety. Methods All radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy insititutions in Huangpu District were surveyed by questionnaires and on-site inspection on the distribution, usage, and management of protective garments. Results There were 99 radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy institutions and 252 X-ray rooms in Huangpu District. There were equipped with totally 773 pieces of X-ray protective garments, including 238 helmets, 213 collars, 150 skirts, 78 vests, and 94 scarfs. Of the 773 X-ray protective articles, 467 pieces (60.4%) were used for ≤ 5 years, in which 164 were for tertiary medical institutions, higher than that for secondary medical institutions (87 pieces) (χ2=6.047,P<0.05) and for private and individual medical institutions (152 pieces) (χ2=24.259,P<0.05). None of the institutions inspected the X-ray protective garments with more than 5 years of service history. Cleaning and disinfection of X-ray protective garments was recorded in 55 institutions (55.6% of the total institutions); 43 private and individual medical institutions (66.2%) and only 3 secondary medical institutions (23.1%,P<0.05); no significant difference was found between private and individual medical institutions and primary or tertiary medical institutions. In addition, 39 (39.4%) medical institutions hung up protective garments for storage, including 32 private and individual institutions and 1 secondary medical institution (P<0.01) and no significant difference was found between private and individual medical institutions and primary or tertiary medical institutions. The usage rate of X-ray protective garments was only 25.0%. Conclusion The quantity of X-ray protective garments equipped in the radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy institutions in Huangpu District meet the national relevant requirement. However, a part of the X-ray protective garment have been in service for a long time and have not been checked or stored in an appropriate way. A low usage rate of X-ray protective garments is identified.
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