济南市6家综合医院病理科室内空气甲醛浓度及变化特征
Concentrations and Variations of Indoor Air Formaldehyde in Pathology Departments of Six General Hospitals of Jinan City
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摘要:
目的 了解综合医院病理科职业人群日常甲醛暴露水平及工作日内甲醛浓度变化规律。 方法 选取济南市6家综合医院,对病理科取材室、技术室、诊断室三类工作场所室内空气中的甲醛进行采样、检测与评价,并对各类工作场所采取的机械通风、个体防护装备等甲醛污染控制措施进行调查。 结果 取材室的甲醛浓度最高,平均浓度为1.40 mg/m3,超出了国家职业接触限值(最高容许浓度为0.5 mg/m3);技术室和诊断室内的甲醛浓度的平均水平分别为0.17 mg/m3和0.13 mg/m3,均符合国家职业接触限值的要求。病理科不同工作场所及不同医院相同工作场所甲醛浓度差别均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。取材室的甲醛浓度在0:00和16:00各有一个高峰,分别达到1.52 mg/m3和1.87 mg/m3。在调查的6家医院的病理科中,只有2家医院在取材室的操作台安装有局部机械排风设备。 结论 综合医院病理科取材室的甲醛污染最为严重,是甲醛污染治理的重点场所。病理科工作场所甲醛浓度受工作内容、工作量和通风设施使用情况等因素的影响。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the formaldehyde exposure level and varied exposure patterns of medical personnel at pathology departments of general hospitals. Methods Air samples were collected from three categories of work stations including biopsy rooms, technology rooms, and diagnosis rooms in pathology departments of six general hospitals in Jinan City. The samples were tested and assessed for formaldehyde. Formaldehyde control measures installed in selected work stations such as mechanical ventilation and personal protective equipment were also investigated. Results The average formaldehyde concentration in the biopsy rooms (1.40mg/m3) was higher than those in the other work stations and exceeded the national occupational exposure limit (maximum allowable concentration, 0.5 mg/m3). The concentrations in the technology rooms (0.17 mg/m3) and the diagnosis rooms (0.13 mg/m3) were lower than the national occupational exposure limit. There were significant differences in the formaldehyde concentrations in the same work station category among the six hospitals and among the work station categories (both P<0.01). Two formaldehyde peak values in the biopsy rooms were observed at 10:00 and 14:00, which were 1.52mg/m3 and 1.87mg/m3 respectively. Only two out of the six hospitals installed local mechanical ventilation systems in the biopsy rooms. Conclusion Biopsy rooms in pathology departments of general hospitals present the most severe formaldehyde pollution and should be the key place for formaldehyde pollution remediation. Tasks, workload, and usage of ventilation facilities might be the possible factors affecting the pollution concentrations.
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