Psychiatric disorders caused by job stress have become a major occupational disease in industrialized countries. Japan and China Taiwan have stipulated psychiatric disorders caused by job stress into the list of occupational compensative diseases and established cognizance criteria. This paper introduced briefly these cognizance criteria, including target diseases, cognizance conditions, specific conditions for cognizance, deterioration of psychiatric disorders due to job stress, differential diagnosis, as well as Job Stressors Induced Mental Load Assessment Table and Non-Job Stressors Induced Mental Load Assessment Table. Suggestions included making control strategy, conducting research on cognizance criteria and control standards, developing health promotion, and strengthening multi-sectoral and multi-professional cooperation.