翟江龙, 陈春晖, 陈飚, 朱国英. 医用X射线诊断受检者个人防护用品使用效果研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(3): 259-263. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16617
引用本文: 翟江龙, 陈春晖, 陈飚, 朱国英. 医用X射线诊断受检者个人防护用品使用效果研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(3): 259-263. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16617
ZHAI Jiang-long, CHEN Chun-hui, CHEN Biao, ZHU Guo-ying. Effects of personal protective devices for examinees against diagnostic medical X-rays[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(3): 259-263. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16617
Citation: ZHAI Jiang-long, CHEN Chun-hui, CHEN Biao, ZHU Guo-ying. Effects of personal protective devices for examinees against diagnostic medical X-rays[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(3): 259-263. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16617

医用X射线诊断受检者个人防护用品使用效果研究

Effects of personal protective devices for examinees against diagnostic medical X-rays

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨医疗机构开展X射线诊断时受检者个人防护用品的使用效果,以保障受检者的健康与安全。

    方法 在CT摄影、普通摄影和胃肠造影等诊断检查过程中,对受检者的非投照部位使用不同的个人防护用品,采用热释光剂量计在个人防护用品内侧和外侧进行布点测量,比较个人防护用品内侧和外侧的辐射剂量变化,评价其使用效果。

    结果 CT检查、胃肠造影检查和普通摄影检查时使用个人防护用品的辐射剂量屏蔽率可达73.3%、85.2%和8.0%,铅防护帽、铅橡胶防护背心和铅橡胶防护围裙内侧的辐射剂量明显低于外侧(P < 0.05),但胸片摄影检查时铅橡胶防护围裙内侧和外侧的辐射剂量无明显差异(P > 0.05)。

    结论 个人防护用品在X射线诊断检查过程中对受检者非投照部位可起到一定的屏蔽防护作用,尤其在CT和胃肠造影检查过程中效果更为明显。但有部分布点部位个人防护用品内侧的辐射剂量反而高于外侧,可能是个人防护用品穿戴贴合不够严密和X射线的散射作用所致。

     

    Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of personal protective devices for examinees against diagnostic medical X-rays, and protect their health and safety.

    Methods Thermo luminescent dosimeter was used to measure and compare the radiation doses inside and outside different personal protective devices during CT, general photography, and gastrointestinal radiography, in order to evaluate the effects of personal protective devices on indirect exposure areas.

    Results In CT, gastrointestinal radiography, and general photography examination, the highest radiation dose shielding rate reached 73.3%, 85.2%, and 8.0%, respectively. Meanwhile, the radiation doses inside lead caps, lead-rubber vests, and lead-rubber aprons were significantly lower than those outside (P < 0.05), but there were no differences between the inside and outside of lead protection aprons in chest photography (P > 0.05).

    Conclusion Personal protective devices are effective for shielding indirect exposure parts of examinees against diagnostic medical X-rays, especially in CT scan and gastrointestinal examination. In some detection points, however, the radiation dose of in side is higher than the outside, probably due to physically unsuited devices and the scattering effect of X-rays.

     

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