何科佑, 王明仕, 常虹, 曹景丽. 焦作市冬季供暖期间PM2.5污染与儿童呼吸道感染就诊量的关系[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(7): 630-635. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16726
引用本文: 何科佑, 王明仕, 常虹, 曹景丽. 焦作市冬季供暖期间PM2.5污染与儿童呼吸道感染就诊量的关系[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(7): 630-635. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16726
HE Ke-you, WANG Ming-shi, CHANG Hong, CAO Jing-li. Correlation between PM2.5 pollution and hospital visit volume of children with respiratory infection during winter heating period in Jiaozuo City[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(7): 630-635. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16726
Citation: HE Ke-you, WANG Ming-shi, CHANG Hong, CAO Jing-li. Correlation between PM2.5 pollution and hospital visit volume of children with respiratory infection during winter heating period in Jiaozuo City[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(7): 630-635. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16726

焦作市冬季供暖期间PM2.5污染与儿童呼吸道感染就诊量的关系

Correlation between PM2.5 pollution and hospital visit volume of children with respiratory infection during winter heating period in Jiaozuo City

  • 摘要: 目的 研究细颗粒物(PM2.5)质量浓度(以下简称"浓度")对儿童呼吸道感染的影响。

    方法 收集2015年11月至2016年4月焦作市PM2.5日均浓度及焦作市第二人民医院普通儿科门诊每日患者数。利用MATLAB软件进行小波相干分析,研究去噪后的两组时间序列数据的相关性。

    结果 焦作市冬季PM2.5浓度低于国家一级标准(35 μg/m3)的天数仅占17%,其浓度值超出国家标准值1倍以上的天数达62%。在5%的置信水平下儿童呼吸道感染就诊总量与PM2.5日均浓度值在时间域上的相关系数接近1。PM2.5日均浓度值的第一个波峰出现在第60天(浓度值最高),上呼吸道感染就诊量的第一个波峰出现在第63天,下呼吸道感染就诊量的第一个波峰出现在第64天。PM2.5日均浓度值的第二个波峰出现在第131天(浓度值远低于第一个波峰),上呼吸道感染就诊量的第二个波峰出现在第151天,下呼吸道感染就诊量的第二个波峰出现在第156天。

    结论 冬季供暖期间,焦作市PM2.5污染严重,PM2.5对儿童呼吸道感染的影响明显。PM2.5对儿童上呼吸道产生明显影响的阈值高于其对下呼吸道产生明显影响的阈值。PM2.5浓度越高,儿童上、下呼吸道感染的发病速度越快,且上呼吸道感染的发病速度快于下呼吸道感染。

     

    Abstract: Objective To assess the effect of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration on respiratory tract infections in children.

    Methods We collected daily average concentration of PM2.5 in Jiaozuo City and the daily outpatient visit volume to the general pediatrics department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University from November 2015 to April 2016. The correlation between the two time-series data after denoising were identified by wavelet coherence analysis based on MATLAB.

    Results The days with average concentrations of PM2.5 below the national air quality standard category I (35 μg/m3) accounted for 17% of the studied period in Jiaozuo City, and the days with concentrations more than 1 fold higher than the national standard accounted for 62%. The correlation coefficient between the respiratory tract infections in children and the daily average concentration of PM2.5 was close to 1 at 5% confidence level in the time domain. The first peak of PM2.5 daily average concentration appeared on the 60th day (maximum concentration), the first peak of outpatient visits for upper respiratory tract infections appeared on the 63rd day, and the first peak of outpatient visits for lower respiratory tract infections appeared on the 64th day. The second peak of PM2.5 daily average concentration appeared on the 131st day (which was far lower than the first peak), the second peak of outpatient visits for upper respiratory tract infections appeared on the 151st day, and the second peak of outpatient visits for lower respiratory tract in fections appeared on the 156th day.

    Conclusion Serious PM2.5 pollution is identified in Jiaozuo in winter heating period. PM2.5 has an obvious effect on children's respiratory tract infections. The threshold value of PM2.5 significantly affecting upper respiratory tract of children is higher than that on lower respiratory tract. The higher PM2.5 concentration is, the sooner upper and lower respiratory infections in children occur, and the occurrence of upper respiratory tract infection is faster than that of lower respiratory tract infection.

     

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