孕期多溴联苯醚暴露与胎儿发育不良关联的研究进展
Research advance on association between prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and fetal dysplasia
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摘要:
多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）是一种常见的溴化阻燃剂，被广泛添加到各类复合材料中，以提高产品的防火性能。PBDEs在产品生产、使用、废弃的过程中，会不同程度地进入环境并在环境中持久地残留。现有的动物实验及人群流行病学研究证据表明，孕期PBDEs及其代谢物暴露会对胎儿的生长发育（新生儿出生体重、体长及体质量指数等）产生一系列不良影响。本文对生物体内PBDEs的代谢转化研究以及PBDEs孕期暴露与胎儿生长发育的关联研究进行综述，胎儿体内PBDEs代谢物来源可能为自然源、PBDEs代谢转化、母体转化以及PBDEs代谢物之间相互转化；孕期PBDEs暴露与胎儿低出生体重、低出生体长、早产等不良发育结局存在关联；孕期PBDEs暴露可能通过调节胎盘中各类生长因子水平进而影响胎儿生长发育。
Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a group of brominated flame retardants, are widely added into composite materials to improve flame retardancy. PBDEs continually release to environment during the production, use, and disposal of relevant products. Recent animal experiments and human epidemiological studies show that prenatal exposure to PBDEs and their metabolites may have adverse effects on fetal development (including birth length, birth weight, and newborn body mass index). In this paper, the published studies on metabolic transformation of PBDEs in vivo and correlations between prenatal PBDEs exposure and fetal growth were reviewed. The sources of PBDEs metabolites could be natural source, PBDEs metabolic transformation, maternal transformation, and transformation of other PBDEs metabolites. Prenatal exposure to PBDEs was associated with low birth weight, shortened birth length, premature, and other adverse outcomes. PBDEs exposure during pregnancy might affect fetal growth and development by modulating various growth factors in placenta.
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