李盛, 王金玉, 梁莉萍, 辛福, 李普, 李守禹, 马汉平, 王宇红, 王辉, 李守凯, 贾清, 苏利民. 甘肃省不同程度沙尘暴露地区儿童肺通气功能的差异[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(2): 118-123. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17537
引用本文: 李盛, 王金玉, 梁莉萍, 辛福, 李普, 李守禹, 马汉平, 王宇红, 王辉, 李守凯, 贾清, 苏利民. 甘肃省不同程度沙尘暴露地区儿童肺通气功能的差异[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(2): 118-123. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17537
LI Sheng, WANG Jin-yu, LIANG Li-ping, XIN Fu, LI Pu, LI Shou-yu, MA Han-ping, WANG Yu-hong, WANG Hui, LI Shou-kai, JIA Qing, SU Li-min. Comparison of lung functions among children in areas with different levels of sand dust pollution in Gansu Province[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(2): 118-123. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17537
Citation: LI Sheng, WANG Jin-yu, LIANG Li-ping, XIN Fu, LI Pu, LI Shou-yu, MA Han-ping, WANG Yu-hong, WANG Hui, LI Shou-kai, JIA Qing, SU Li-min. Comparison of lung functions among children in areas with different levels of sand dust pollution in Gansu Province[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(2): 118-123. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17537

甘肃省不同程度沙尘暴露地区儿童肺通气功能的差异

Comparison of lung functions among children in areas with different levels of sand dust pollution in Gansu Province

  • 摘要: 目的 比较甘肃省不同程度沙尘暴露地区儿童肺通气功能差异。

    方法 以甘肃省民勤县(沙尘天气源区)、兰州市(沙尘天气影响区)和平凉市(对照区)为研究区域,于2016年4-5月随机整群抽取3~6年级小学生6 000人,最终纳入5 224人(民勤县1 702人,兰州市1 726人,平凉市1 796人)进行肺功能检查和问卷调查。肺功能指标包括用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、第一秒用力呼气量占肺活量百分率(FEV1/FVC)等。统计学分析采用SPSS 18.0软件包,方法包括方差分析、χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。

    结果 三地学生年龄、身高差异无统计学意义,体重分别为(38.7±10.3)、(39.0±11.1)、(37.3±9.3)kg,差异有统计学意义(F=13.874,P < 0.01)。民勤县小学生FVC、FEV1、FEV1%分别为(2.35±0.51)L、(1.92±0.46)L、(89.43±20.46)%,兰州市分别为(2.38±0.53)L、(1.99±0.50)L、(91.45±20.69)%,平凉市分别为(2.39±0.49)L、(2.05±0.46)L、(93.53±18.71)%;其中民勤县小学生FEV1低于平凉市和兰州市;兰州市小学生FEV1、FEV1/FVC均低于平凉市,差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.017)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,以平凉市为参照,民勤县小学生发生阻塞性和限制性肺通气功能障碍的OR(95%CI)值分别为6.079(4.830~7.652)和1.783(1.429~2.224),兰州市小学生发生阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的OR(95%CI)值为2.641(2.067~3.375)(均P < 0.01);以兰州市为参照,民勤县小学生发生阻塞性和限制性肺通气功能障碍的OR(95%CI)值分别为2.304(1.931~2.747)和1.572(1.272~1.942)(均P < 0.01)。

    结论 沙尘暴露区域小学生肺功能障碍风险增加,主要表现为阻塞性肺通气功能障碍,尤其是沙尘源区。

     

    Abstract: Objective To compare the lung functions among children in areas with different levels of sand dust pollution.

    Methods Minqin County, Lanzhou City, and Pingliang City of Gansu Province were selected as the source area of sand dust, affected area of sand dust, and control area, respectively. A total of 6 000 grade 3-6 children were recruited by random cluster sampling, and 5 224 children were included from the three areas (Minqin, n=1 702; Lanzhou, n=1 726; Pingliang, n=1 796) to conduct pulmonary function test and questionnaire survey from April to May 2016. Pulmonary function indices included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression with SPSS 18.0 software.

    Results Among the children in Minqin County, Lanzhou City, and Pingliang City, there were no differences in age and height, and their body weights were (38.7±10.3), (39.0±11.1), and (37.3±9.3)kg, respectively, with statistical differences (F=13.874, P < 0.01). The results of FVC, FEV1, and FEV1% were (2.35±0.51)L, (1.92±0.46)L, and (89.43±20.46)% for children in Minqin County, respectively; (2.38±0.53)L, (1.99±0.50)L, and (91.45±20.69)% for children in Lanzhou City, respectively; and (2.39±0.49)L, (2.05±0.46)L, and (93.53±18.71)% for children in Pingliang City, respectively. The FEV1 of children in Minqin was lower than that in Pingliang and Lanzhou (P < 0.017). The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC of children in Lanzhou were both lower than those in Pingliang (Ps < 0.017). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis displayed that compared with Pingliang, the OR values (95% CI) of obstruction lung function impairment and restrictive lung function impairment were 6.079 (4.830-7.652) and 1.783 (1.429-2.224) for children in Minqin, respectively, and the OR value (95% CI) of obstruction lung function impairment was 2.641 (2.067-3.375) for children in Lanzhou (Ps < 0.01). Compared with Lanzhou, the OR values (95% CI) of obstruction lung function impairment and restrictive lung function impairment were 2.304(1.931-2.747) and 1.572(1.272-1.942) for children in Minqin, respectively (Ps < 0.01).

    Conclusion There is an increased risk of lung function impairment for children in sand dust exposure areas, mainly obstructive lu ng function impairment and especially in sand dust source areas.

     

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