潘梅竹, 许慧慧, 东春阳, 张江华, 郭常义, 张莉君, 施烨闻, 钱海雷, 贾晓东. 2013—2016年上海市居民中暑死亡病例的发病特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(9): 825-829. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17717
引用本文: 潘梅竹, 许慧慧, 东春阳, 张江华, 郭常义, 张莉君, 施烨闻, 钱海雷, 贾晓东. 2013—2016年上海市居民中暑死亡病例的发病特征[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(9): 825-829. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17717
PAN Mei-zhu, XU Hui-hui, DONG Chun-yang, ZHANG Jiang-hua, GUO Chang-yi, ZHANG Li-jun, SHI Ye-wen, QIAN Hai-lei, JIA Xiaodong. Characteristics of heat stroke fatalities in residents of Shanghai, 2013-2016[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(9): 825-829. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17717
Citation: PAN Mei-zhu, XU Hui-hui, DONG Chun-yang, ZHANG Jiang-hua, GUO Chang-yi, ZHANG Li-jun, SHI Ye-wen, QIAN Hai-lei, JIA Xiaodong. Characteristics of heat stroke fatalities in residents of Shanghai, 2013-2016[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(9): 825-829. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17717

2013—2016年上海市居民中暑死亡病例的发病特征

Characteristics of heat stroke fatalities in residents of Shanghai, 2013-2016

  • 摘要: 目的 分析2013-2016年上海市中暑死亡病例中暑发病时的流行病学特征。

    方法 收集"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"的"突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统"中2013-2016年上海市中暑死亡病例的个案报告,并收集各年6月1日-9月30日的逐日气象资料,进行统计分析。

    结果 共报告93例中暑死亡病例,97.85%的中暑死亡病例发生中暑当日,最高气温均达到35℃,95.70%发病于热浪过程中。死亡病例平均年龄61.5岁,男女性别比为1.8:1,平均年龄男性小于女性。职业以离(退)休人员(32.26%)和工人(31.18%)为主。发病日期集中于7月21日-8月5日,发病时段集中于9:00-17:59,发病地区以郊区为主(80.65%)。45.16%死亡病例发生中暑的地点是住所,31.18%发生在工作场所。50.54%的死亡病例有基础性疾病。100.00%死亡病例住所内均无空调或有空调未使用。

    结论 气温与中暑的关系密切。本地老年人和外来务工人员为防控重点人群,住所和工作场所是防控的重点场所。

     

    Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of heat stroke fatalities in Shanghai from 2013 to 2016.

    Methods The case reports of heat stroke deaths in Shanghai from 2013 to 2016 were downloaded from the China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention-Information System for Public Health Emergency Management. Daily meteorological data from 1 June to 30 September of each year were also collected for statistical analysis.

    Results A total of 93 deaths were reported. Among them, 97.85% deaths occurred on days with temperatures above 35℃ and 95.70% occurred in heat wave. The average age of the deaths was 61.5 years. The male-to-female gender ratio was 1.8:1. The average age of male deaths was younger than that of females. Among the deaths, 32.26% were retirees and 31.18% were workers. In terms of time of onset, most cases reported heat stroke between 20 July and 5 August and between 9:00 and 17:59. In terms of place of onset, 80.65% cases reported heat stroke in suburbs, 45.16% at home, and 31.18% in workplaces. In addition, 50.54% of the deaths had underlying diseases. All cases did not use air-conditioners (100.00%).

    Conclusion Temperature is closely related to heat stroke. For heat stroke prevention and control, local aged-residents and migrant workers are key groups, and home and workplaces are key sites.

     

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