重金属暴露对婴幼儿和儿童肠道菌群的影响及肠道菌群与相关疾病关系的研究进展
Research progress on effects of exposure to heavy metals on gut microbiome and associations of gut microbiome with related diseases in infants and children
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摘要:
伴随我国工业化进程的快速发展，环境中重金属污染对人群健康产生的危害受到广泛关注。越来越多的研究发现重金属可改变宿主肠道菌群的组成及其多样性，打破肠道内菌群比例，影响机体的代谢活动从而对人体健康产生各种影响。婴幼儿和儿童阶段是快速生长发育期以及建立肠道微生物群的关键期，其肠道菌群受重金属暴露的毒性影响更加明显。大量研究表明肠道菌群失调与儿童免疫性疾病、肥胖及自闭症等的发生发展密切相关，提示肠道菌群的紊乱可影响儿童后期的健康成长。本文就铅、砷、镉、汞等重金属暴露对婴幼儿和儿童肠道菌群影响的研究及肠道菌群与婴幼儿和儿童疾病的关系进行综述，为今后深入探讨重金属影响人群健康的损害的机制研究提供方向。
Abstract: With the rapid development of industrialization, the harmful effects of heave metal pollution on public health have drawn wide attention. More and more studies have shown that heavy metals can significantly change the composition and diversity of host's intestinal flora, break the proportion of intestinal flora, affect the metabolic activities of the body, and thus have various effects on human health. In particular, infancy and childhood are critical for rapid growth and development and the establishment of intestinal microbiota, and the toxic effects of heavy metals to their intestinal flora are more obvious. A large number of studies have shown that the disorder of intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and development of children's immune diseases, obesity, and autism, suggesting that the disorder of intestinal flora can affect children's later healthy growth. This paper reviewed studies on the effects of exposure to heavy metals including lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury on the intestinal flora of infants and children, as well as the associations between intestinal flora and pediatric diseases, aiming to provide a direction for further research on the mechanism of negative health impacts by heavy metals.
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