邻苯二甲酸二-（2-乙基己基）酯母体暴露对子代生殖发育的影响
Effects of maternal exposure to di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate on offspring reproductive development
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摘要:
邻苯二甲酸二（-2-乙基己基）酯di（2-ethyl-hexyl）phthalate，DEHP是一种广泛使用的增塑剂，容易被机体吸收。DEHP暴露不仅对亲代有毒性作用，还可通过亲代暴露对子代甚至多代产生生殖发育毒性。本文从人群、哺乳动物和非哺乳动物研究的角度，阐述了DEHP母体暴露对子代生殖发育的影响。人群研究发现DEHP母体暴露影响子代神经发育，与儿童注意缺陷多动障碍有关联。哺乳动物研究发现，DEHP母体暴露导致子代（F1代）生长发育迟缓，疾病易感性增加，F1~F3代行为学改变，并通过雌性子代和雄性子代产生多代生殖发育毒性。非哺乳动物研究发现，DEHP胚胎暴露可改变鱼类生长，DEHP母体暴露导致线虫神经损伤和行为失常，并造成子代甚至多代生殖功能的紊乱。本文通过总结子代生长发育迟缓和功能缺陷（包括疾病易感性和行为学改变）及雌性和雄性生殖毒性的传代效应，阐明DEHP母体暴露对子代生殖发育的影响，并对今后的研究热点和方向予以展望。
Abstract: Di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate is a widely used plasticizer easily absorbed by human body. DEHP exposure not only has toxic effects on parents, but also generates reproductive and developmental toxicity to the next or even more generations through parental exposure. From the perspectives of human population, mammals, and non-mammals, this paper expounded the universality of the effects of DEHP maternal exposure on the reproductive development of offspring. Population-based studies have found that maternal exposure to DEHP affects the neurodevelopment of offspring and is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. Mammalian studies have found that maternal exposure to DEHP results in growth retardation and increased susceptibility to disease in the F1 generation, behavioral changes in F1-F3 generations, and reproductive and developmental toxicity to multiple generations through female and male offspring. Non-mammalian studies have found that DEHP embryo exposure changes the growth of fish, and DEHP maternal exposure leads to nerve damage and behavioral disorders of nematodes, as well as causes reproductive dysfunction of offspring or even multiple generations. In this review, the effects of maternal exposure to DEHP on the reproductive development of offspring were clarified by summarizing the transgenerational effects on offspring growth retardation, functional deficiencies (including disease susceptibility and behavioral changes), and reproductive toxicity to females and males. Future research directions and hotspots in the field were prospected as well.
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