李萱怡, 邱添, 黄浩, 田芳琼, 吴辉. 沈阳市妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2019, 36(1): 63-67. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18608
引用本文: 李萱怡, 邱添, 黄浩, 田芳琼, 吴辉. 沈阳市妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2019, 36(1): 63-67. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18608
LI Xuanyi, QIU Tian, HUANG Hao, TIAN Fang-qiong, WU Hui. Factors associated with anxiety symptoms of women in early pregnancy in Shenyang[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(1): 63-67. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18608
Citation: LI Xuanyi, QIU Tian, HUANG Hao, TIAN Fang-qiong, WU Hui. Factors associated with anxiety symptoms of women in early pregnancy in Shenyang[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(1): 63-67. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18608

沈阳市妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素

Factors associated with anxiety symptoms of women in early pregnancy in Shenyang

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨沈阳市妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素。

    方法 采用横断面研究设计,于2018年1—7月随机抽取沈阳市7所社区卫生服务中心怀孕16周前的350名孕妇进行问卷调查。运用焦虑自评量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、妊娠压力量表、领悟社会支持量表评价孕妇的焦虑症状、睡眠质量、妊娠压力、领悟社会支持水平。应用多元线性回归分析探讨妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素。

    结果 发放调查问卷350份,回收有效问卷309份,有效回收率为88.29%。孕妇平均年龄为(31.21±3.88)岁;焦虑自评量表的平均分为(41.99±7.45)分,其中50人有焦虑症状,占16.2%;匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表平均分为(4.97±3.08)分,35.0%的孕妇睡眠质量不好;领悟社会支持量表平均分为(71.52±11.33)分,14.2%的孕妇处于中低水平的社会支持状态;妊娠压力量表平均分为(2.25±3.98)分,其中19.1%的孕妇有中度或重度压力。妊娠早期孕妇的妊娠压力、睡眠质量与焦虑症状呈正相关(P < 0.01),领悟社会支持与焦虑症状呈负相关(P < 0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示:妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素为睡眠质量(b=0.326),领悟社会支持(b=-0.235),妊娠压力(b=0.153)及暴露噪声环境(b=0.101)。

    结论 沈阳市妊娠早期孕妇焦虑症状的影响因素为睡眠质量、领悟社会支持、妊娠压力及暴露噪声环境。可通过改善孕妇睡眠质量,降低妊娠压力,提高社会支持,减少环境噪声暴露,缓解妊娠早期孕妇的焦虑症状,提高其生命质量。

     

    Abstract: Objective To explore the factors associated with anxiety symptoms of women in early pregnancy in Shenyang.

    Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to July 2018 to ask a total of 350 pregnant women to complete a set of questionnaires who were less than 16 weeks of pregnancy from seven health service centers of Shenyang. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Pregnancy Stress Scale (PPS), and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) were used to evaluate anxiety symptoms, sleep quality, pregnancy stress, and social support, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with anxiety symptoms in pregnant women.

    Results A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed and 309 returned questionnaires were valid (88.29%). The average age of study subjects was (31.21±3.88) years old; the average anxiety symptom score was 41.99±7.45, and the anxiety symptom rate was 16.2% (50/309); the average score of sleep quality was 4.97±3.08, and 35.0% of the pregnant women had poor sleep quality; the average score of perceived social support was 71.52±11.33, and 14.2% of the subjects perceived middle and low levels of social support; the average score of pregnancy stress was 2.25±3.98, and 19.1% of the women had moderate and severe stress. Pregnancy stress and sleep quality were positively correlated with anxiety symptoms (P < 0.01), while perceived social support was positively correlated with anxiety symptoms among the women in early pregnancy (P < 0.01). According to multiple linear regression analysis, the factors associated with anxiety symptoms were sleep quality (b=0.326), perceived social support (b=-0.235), pregnancy stress (b=0.153), and exposure to noise (b=0.101).

    Conclusion The influencing factors associated with anxiety symptoms of women in early pregnancy in Shenyang are sleep quality, perceived social support, pregnancy stress, and exposure to noise, which should be addressed to improve the quality of life of the mothers.

     

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