王爱红, 李晓海, 冷朋波, 方兰云, 王群利, 高国生. 低浓度苯暴露男性工人尿8-OHdG水平的影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(3): 243-248. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19550
引用本文: 王爱红, 李晓海, 冷朋波, 方兰云, 王群利, 高国生. 低浓度苯暴露男性工人尿8-OHdG水平的影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(3): 243-248. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19550
WANG Ai-hong, LI Xiao-hai, LENG Peng-bo, FANG Lan-yun, WANG Qun-li, GAO GuoSheng. Influencing factors of urinary 8-OHdG concentration in male workers exposed to low levels of benzene[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(3): 243-248. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19550
Citation: WANG Ai-hong, LI Xiao-hai, LENG Peng-bo, FANG Lan-yun, WANG Qun-li, GAO GuoSheng. Influencing factors of urinary 8-OHdG concentration in male workers exposed to low levels of benzene[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(3): 243-248. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19550

低浓度苯暴露男性工人尿8-OHdG水平的影响因素

Influencing factors of urinary 8-OHdG concentration in male workers exposed to low levels of benzene

  • 摘要: 背景

    随着各国工作场所中苯浓度的逐步控制,低浓度苯暴露的职业健康危害研究已经成为当前关注的焦点。DNA氧化损伤被认为是苯致骨髓细胞毒性的基础,8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)是当前公认的评价DNA氧化损伤的指标,也是苯暴露的早期效应指标。在工作场所苯浓度远低于职业接触限值的前提下,8-OhdG水平的变化及其可能的影响因素,值得开展更多深入的研究。

    目的

    调查低浓度苯暴露男性工人尿8-OHdG水平的影响因素,探讨基于美国环境保护署(EPA)吸入风险评估非致癌模型得出的苯累积暴露浓度与尿8-OHdG水平的关系。

    方法

    采用横断面调查法,于2018年7-10月调查4家企业11个涉苯岗位的200名男性工人(暴露组)和同期参加健康体检的同一企业的200名男性行政管理人员和后勤人员(对照组)。通过职业卫生现场调查和检测获得苯作业工人暴露浓度,通过问卷调查获得研究对象一般情况,在工人健康体检时采集晨尿及检测血常规指标。应用美国EPA吸入风险评估的非致癌模型计算工人苯累积暴露浓度(EC)。以高效液相色谱串联质谱(HPLC-MS-MS)方法进行尿中8-OHdG水平的测定。用非参数检验比较两组人群尿8-OHdG的中位水平,以有序多分类logistic回归分析尿中8-OHdG水平的可能影响因素。

    结果

    苯暴露组工人接触苯的8 h时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)均符合现行职业接触限值的要求,各岗位工人基于EPA吸入风险评估非致癌模型的苯累积EC在1.43~82.19 μg·m-3之间。苯暴露组和对照组人群年龄、体重指数、饮酒情况可比;对照组吸烟量大于暴露组(P=0.007)。两组人群白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、血红蛋白含量异常率差异均无统计学意义。暴露组工人尿8-OHdG水平的中位数(P25P75)7.29(4.65,11.82)μg·g-1(以每克尿肌酐计,后同)高于对照组5.50(3.80,8.13)μg·g-1P=0.016)。相对于苯累积EC < 1.0 μg·m-3者,苯累积EC ≥ 10.0 μg·m-3者尿8-OHdG水平升高,其OR(95% CI)为1.85(1.18~2.91);相对于年龄小于35岁者,45岁及以上人群的尿8-OHdG水平升高,OR(95% CI)为2.13(1.12~4.07);相对于不染发人群,经常染发(至少每年1次)者的尿8-OHdG水平也较高,其OR(95% CI)为4.07(1.03~16.05)。

    结论

    低浓度苯暴露工人尿8-OHdG水平升高发生在血常规改变之前;苯累积EC在10 μg·m-3以上时苯暴露工人尿8-OHdG水平升高。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Occupational health hazards of low-concentration benzene exposure have become a research focus as the benzene concentration in the workplace has been under control in various countries. DNA oxidative damage is considered to be the basis of benzene-induced cytotoxicity of bone marrow cells, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is recognized as an indicator for evaluating oxidative damage of DNA, as well as an early effect indicator of benzene exposure. There needs more research to describe the concentration changes of 8-OHdG and relevant influencing factors in workers change under low-level benzene exposure.

    Objective

    The current study investigates the influencing factors of urinary 8-OHdG concentration in male workers exposed to low levels of benzene, and analyze the relationship between urinary 8-OHdG concentration and cumulative exposure level of benzene based on the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) model of noncarcinogenic inhalation risk assessment.

    Methods

    In four enterprises, 200 male exposure workers serving at 11 benzene exposed positions and 200 male control workers serving at administrative and logistic positions who underwent physical examinations during the same period were investigated through a cross-sectional study in July to August 2018. An occupational health field survey was carried out to detect the concentration of benzene exposure in workplace. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collected the general information of the study subjects, and their morning urine samples and blood samples were collected in health examination. US EPA noncarcinogenic inhalation risk assessment model was applied to obtained the cumulative benzene exposure concentration (EC) of workers. Urinary 8-OHdG concentrations were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS-MS). Non-parametric test was used to compare the median concentration of 8-OHdG between two groups, and multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of 8-OHdG concentration.

    Results

    The concentration of 8 h time weighted average (CTWA) of benzene of the benzene exposure workers was under current national occupational exposure limit. The cumulative benzene EC, based on the EPA noncarcinogenic inhalation risk assessment model, of the workers at different positions were 1.43-82.19 μg·m-3. The two groups were comparable in age, body mass index, and alcohol consumption, except that the control group smoked more cigarettes than the exposure group (P=0.007). No differences were found between the two groups in the abnormal rates of white blood cells, neutrophils, and haemogloin. The median (P25, P75) concentration of urinary 8-OHdG in the exposure group7.29 (4.65, 11.82) μg·g-1, in per gram of creatinine, thereafter was higher than that in the control group5.50 (3.80, 8.13) μg·g-1 (P=0.016). The concentration of urinary 8-OHdG significantly increased when the concentration of cumulative benzene exposure was higher in the workers with cumulative benzene EC ≥ 10 μg·m-3 versus those < 1.0 μg·m-3 (OR=1.85, 95% CI:1.18-2.91), higher in the workers aged 45 years and above versus those aged below 35 years (OR=2.13, 95% CI:1.12-4.07), and higher in the workers with frequent hair dying (at least once a year) versus those without (OR=4.07, 95% CI:1.03-16.05).

    Conclusion

    The increase of urinary 8-OHdG concentration in workers exposed to low concentrations of benzene occurs before the change of blood routine examination indicators. A cumulative benzene EC > 10μg·m-3 would increase urinary 8-OHdG concentration.

     

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