牟宁, 李明新, 王贺. 眼干燥症就诊人次与大气颗粒物浓度的关系:基于2015—2019年徐州市某综合医院的时间序列研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(10): 970-974, 980. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20144
引用本文: 牟宁, 李明新, 王贺. 眼干燥症就诊人次与大气颗粒物浓度的关系:基于2015—2019年徐州市某综合医院的时间序列研究[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(10): 970-974, 980. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20144
MU Ning, LI Ming-xin, WANG He. Associations between atmospheric particulate matters concentration and visits for ophthalmoxerosis: A time-series analysis in a general hospital in Xuzhou, 2015—2019[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(10): 970-974, 980. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20144
Citation: MU Ning, LI Ming-xin, WANG He. Associations between atmospheric particulate matters concentration and visits for ophthalmoxerosis: A time-series analysis in a general hospital in Xuzhou, 2015—2019[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(10): 970-974, 980. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.20144

眼干燥症就诊人次与大气颗粒物浓度的关系:基于2015—2019年徐州市某综合医院的时间序列研究

Associations between atmospheric particulate matters concentration and visits for ophthalmoxerosis: A time-series analysis in a general hospital in Xuzhou, 2015—2019

  • 摘要: 背景

    大气污染是公共卫生领域的研究热点之一,眼干燥症(干眼症)是发病率最高的眼表疾病,但空气颗粒污染物与该病的关系尚不明确。

    目的

    分析徐州市大气PM2.5、PM10日均质量浓度与当地居民干眼症日就诊人次的相关性。

    方法

    收集2015—2019年徐州市空气污染数据、气象数据和某综合医院每日干眼症就诊人数,采用基于Poisson分布的广义相加模型,控制长期趋势、星期几效应、气象因素等混杂因素的影响后,构建当日和滞后1~7 d的大气PM2.5、PM10的单污染物模型,并计算RR及其95% CI,分析徐州市大气PM2.5、PM10日均质量浓度与居民干眼症日就诊人次间的关系。考虑滞后效应的影响,对效应最强日的PM2.5、PM10与气态污染物(SO2、NO2、O3)进行多污染物模型拟合,分析气态污染物对大气颗粒物与就诊人次间关联强度的影响。

    结果

    本次研究中干眼门诊就诊人次315 806例,日均173例。PM2.5、PM10与其他污染物和气象因素的Spearman相关性分析显示,PM10与PM2.5关联性最强(r=0.90),PM2.5、PM10均与SO2、NO2、相对湿度存在正相关(P < 0.01),与O3、平均气温存在负相关(P < 0.01)。单污染物模型显示,PM2.5、PM10质量浓度每上升10 μg·m-3时,当天干眼症就诊人次分别增加0.46%(95% CI:0.38%~0.53%)和0.43%(95% CI:0.35%~0.51%);滞后4 d的PM2.5、PM10浓度的健康效应最强,超额危险度为0.66%(95% CI:0.61%~0.72%)和0.69%(95% CI:0.62%~0.76%)。多污染模型中,调整其他污染物后,PM2.5、PM10的健康效应估计值均较单污染模型降低,PM2.5、PM10浓度与干眼症日门诊量的正相关关系未改变。

    结论

    徐州市大气颗粒物PM2.5、PM10污染与居民干眼症就诊人次存在正相关关系。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Air pollution is one of the research hotspots in public health. Ophthalmoxerosis is an ocular surface disease with the highest incidence in this category, but its relationship with air particulate pollutants is still unclear.

    Objective

    This study quantitatively estimates the associations of daily concentrations of ambient PM2.5 and PM10 with daily outpatient department visits due to ophthalmoxerosis in local residents in Xuzhou.

    Methods

    Air pollutant variables, meteorological variables, and daily ophthalmoxerosis cases in a general hospital in Xuzhou were collected from 2015 to 2019. Poisson generalized additive models were applied. After controlling for confounding factors such as long-term trend, dayof-the-week effect, and meteorological factors, single pollutant models of daily concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 of current day and lag 1-7 days in association with daily outpatient visits due to ophthalmoxerosis in local residents were constructed, and RRs and 95% CIs were calculated. Multi-pollutant models of PM2.5 or PM10 combined with gaseous pollutants (SO2, NO2, and O3) on the day with the strongest effect were also established.

    Results

    A total of 315 806 ophthalmoxerosis outpatient visits were included in this study, with a daily average of 173 cases. The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that PM10 had the strongest correlation with PM2.5 (r=0.90); PM2.5 and PM10 were both positively correlated with SO2, NO2, and relative humidity (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with O3 and average temperature (P < 0.01). The single pollutant models showed that a 10μg·m-3 increase of PM2.5 and PM10 was associated with 0.46% (95%CI:0.38%-0.53%) and 0.43% (95% CI:0.35%-0.51%) increment respectively for the hospital visits due to ophthalmoxerosis of current day. The effects of PM2.5 and PM10 of lag 4 days were strongest, the excess relative risks were 0.66% (95% CI:0.61%-0.72%) and 0.69% (95% CI:0.62%-0.76%), respectively. In the multi-pollutant models, after adjusting for other pollutants, the estimated values of PM2.5 and PM10 were lower than those in the single pollutant models, and there were still positive correlations of PM2.5 and PM10 daily concentrations with daily outpatient volume of ophthalmoxerosis.

    Conclusion

    The ambient PM2.5 and PM10 are in positive association with hospital visits due to ophthalmoxerosis in Xuzhou.

     

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