肖振航, 周德红, 李维东, 常林, 王妮. 基于风险矩阵法的石化企业罐区苯系物职业性化学危害风险评估[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(10): 1140-1144. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21078
引用本文: 肖振航, 周德红, 李维东, 常林, 王妮. 基于风险矩阵法的石化企业罐区苯系物职业性化学危害风险评估[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(10): 1140-1144. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21078
XIAO Zhenhang, ZHOU Dehong, LI Weidong, CHANG Lin, WANG Ni. Occupational chemical hazard risk assessment of benzene and its analogies in storage tank areas of petrochemical enterprises based on risk matrix method[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(10): 1140-1144. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21078
Citation: XIAO Zhenhang, ZHOU Dehong, LI Weidong, CHANG Lin, WANG Ni. Occupational chemical hazard risk assessment of benzene and its analogies in storage tank areas of petrochemical enterprises based on risk matrix method[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(10): 1140-1144. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21078

基于风险矩阵法的石化企业罐区苯系物职业性化学危害风险评估

Occupational chemical hazard risk assessment of benzene and its analogies in storage tank areas of petrochemical enterprises based on risk matrix method

  • 摘要: 背景

    石油化工企业储罐区苯系物的职业危害严重威胁作业人员生命健康。

    目的

    通过实际-危害-管理(RHM)职业性化学危害风险综合评价模型,评价3家石油化工生产储存企业储罐区苯系物职业性化学危害风险水平。

    方法

    选取3家湖北省石油化工企业,依据相关标准规范,检测其储罐区工作区域的苯系物浓度,采用职业性化学危害风险评估优化指标体系评估企业职业性化学危害风险,采用层次分析法和模糊数学综合评价法评价企业职业卫生管理质量。通过上述结果,同时结合风险矩阵法的思想,构建RHM职业性化学危害风险综合评价模型,综合评价储罐区苯系物职业性化学危害风险水平。

    结果

    企业2的苯浓度最高,短时间接触质量浓度为7.88~18.53 mg·m-3,时间加权平均质量浓度为1.26~2.30 mg·m-3,其他企业对象区域各物质均未超标;苯、甲苯以及二甲苯职业性化学危害风险等级分别为Ⅰ级危害、0级危害和0级危害;3家企业职业卫生管理质量评估结果分别为优秀、良好、良好。RHM职业性化学危害风险综合评价模型结果显示,3家石油化工生产储存企业储罐区存在A级危害(红色)1个,C级危害(黄色)1个,D级危害(蓝色)7个。

    结论

    RHM职业性化学危害风险综合评价模型能够相对客观有效地评价有害物质的危害程度。石化企业罐区苯系物职业性化学危害风险大多处于较低水平,但仍有风险较高的情况出现。

     

    Abstract: Background

    The occupational hazards of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzenem, and xylene (BTEX) in storage tank areas of petrochemical enterprises seriously threaten the lives and health of workers.

    Objective

    This study evaluates the occupational risk levels of BTEX in storage tank areas of three petrochemical production and storage enterprises by the reality-hazard-management (RHM) based comprehensive evaluation model for occupational chemical hazards.

    Methods

    Three petrochemical enterprises in Hubei Province were selected to detect the BTEX concentrations in the storage tank areas according to relevant standards and codes. An optimized risk assessment index system for occupational chemical hazards was used to assess occupational health risk of the enterprises. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to evaluate the quality of occupational health management of the enterprises. An RHM based comprehensive evaluation model was constructed with the above results based on the risk matrix method to comprehensively evaluate the level of BTEX in the storage tank areas.

    Results

    The concentration of benzene in enterprise 2 was the highest, with a short-time exposure mass concentrations of 7.88-18.53 mg·m-3 and a time-weighted average concentration of 1.26-2.30 mg·m-3. The other enterprises did not show unqualified substances in storage tank areas. The occupational chemical hazard risk levels for benzene, toluene, and xylene were gradedⅠ, 0, and 0, respectively. The quality assessment results of occupational health management for the three selected enterprises were excellent, good, and good, respectively. The results of the RHM based comprehensive evaluation model showed that there was one A-level hazard (red), one C-level hazard (yellow), and seven D-level hazards (blue) in the storage tank areas of the three petrochemical production and storage enterprises.

    Conclusion

    The RHM based comprehensive evaluation model can evaluate the hazard level of hazardous substances objectively and effectively. The occupational risks of BTEX in selected petrochemical tank farms are mostly at a low level, but there are still cases of high risks.

     

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