闻星, 徐洪吕, 伍晓艳, 陶舒曼, 杨娅娟, 盛杰, 詹凯, 齐云霞, 刘雯雯, 邹立巍, 谢阳, 李婷婷, 陶芳标. 大学生尿液邻苯二甲酸酯水平与睡眠时型的关联[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(10): 1119-1125. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21156
引用本文: 闻星, 徐洪吕, 伍晓艳, 陶舒曼, 杨娅娟, 盛杰, 詹凯, 齐云霞, 刘雯雯, 邹立巍, 谢阳, 李婷婷, 陶芳标. 大学生尿液邻苯二甲酸酯水平与睡眠时型的关联[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(10): 1119-1125. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21156
WEN Xing, XU Honglyu, WU Xiaoyan, TAO Shuman, YANG Yajuan, SHENG Jie, ZHAN Kai, QI Yunxia, LIU Wenwen, ZOU Liwei, XIE Yang, LI Tingting, TAO Fangbiao. Relationships between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and chronotypes of college students[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(10): 1119-1125. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21156
Citation: WEN Xing, XU Honglyu, WU Xiaoyan, TAO Shuman, YANG Yajuan, SHENG Jie, ZHAN Kai, QI Yunxia, LIU Wenwen, ZOU Liwei, XIE Yang, LI Tingting, TAO Fangbiao. Relationships between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and chronotypes of college students[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(10): 1119-1125. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.21156

大学生尿液邻苯二甲酸酯水平与睡眠时型的关联

Relationships between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and chronotypes of college students

  • 摘要: 背景

    研究发现内分泌干扰物邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)与睡眠紊乱有关。大学生处于青春期晚期,睡眠相位向夜晚型转变并达到顶峰。

    目的

    探讨大学生PAEs暴露与睡眠时型的关联。

    方法

    采用横断面调查设计,于2019年10—11月在安徽省和江西省2所高校共1 152名大学生中开展问卷调查和收集尿液样本,纳入问卷信息完整和有尿液样本的713人进行分析。采用自编的大学生健康相关行为电子问卷、清晨型与夜晚型量表(MEQ-5)分别调查大学生基本信息和睡眠时型(清晨型、夜晚型、中间型)。采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测尿液中6种PAEs代谢物浓度。使用卡方检验比较不同人口学特征的大学生之间的睡眠时型差异,采用广义线性模型按性别分层分析PAEs代谢物与睡眠时型的关联。根据三分位数,将PAEs代谢物浓度分为低(< P33.3)、中(P33.3~P66.7)和高(≥ P66.7)水平组。以睡眠时型的类型作为有序分类变量,PAEs代谢物浓度作为连续性变量和分类变量分别纳入分析。

    结果

    大学生夜晚型、中间型、清晨型睡眠时型的检出率分别为8.0%、68.0% 和24.0%。不同性别、专业、家庭居住地、独生子女以及体力活动分组大学生的睡眠时型分布差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。尿液中邻苯二甲酸单甲酯(MMP)、邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)、邻苯二甲酸- 单(- 2- 乙基-5- 羟己基)酯(MEHHP)、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)、邻苯二甲酸- 单-(2- 乙基-5- 氧己基)酯(MEOHP)和邻苯二甲酸单(2- 乙基己)酯(MEHP)的检出率分别为97.5%、97.9%、98.6%、98.6%、98.7% 和80.5%,尿比重调整后质量浓度中位数分别为16.02、24.61、15.33、263.25、12.19、2.94 μg·L-1。广义线性模型发现,控制混杂因素后,女性MMP与睡眠时型呈负向关联(OR=0.55,95% CI:0.33~0.89),高水平组MMP与睡眠时型呈负向关联(OR=0.51,95% CI:0.28~0.92),且MMP趋势性分析有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。未发现6种PAEs代谢物与男性睡眠时型的关联。

    结论

    大学生普遍暴露于多种PAEs,MMP与女性夜晚型睡眠时型有关。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Studies have found that endocrine disruptors phthalates are related to sleep disorder. College students are in late adolescence, and their chronotypes shift to the night type at its peak.

    Objective

    This study examines the associations between phthalates exposure and chronotypes in college students.

    Methods

    From October to November 2019, a questionnaire survey and urine sample collection was conducted among 1 152 college students from 2 universities in Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. Finally, 713 participants with complete questionnaire information and urine samples were enrolled in the study. The basic information was investigated with self-designed electronic questionnaires on healthrelated behaviors of college students. Chronotypes (morning type, night type, or intermediate type) were assessed by the Morning and Evening Questionnaire (MEQ). Concentrations of six phthalates metabolites in urine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Chi-square test was used to examine the differences of chronotypes among college students with different demographic characteristics. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to evaluate the sex-stratified relationships between phthalates metabolites and chronotypes. According to the tertiles, concentrations of phthalates metabolites were divided into low (< P33.3), medium (P33.3-P66.7), and high (≥ P66.7) level groups. Chronotypes were modelled as a categorical variable. Phthalates metabolites were included as a continuous variable or a categorical variable.

    Results

    The positive rates of night type, intermediate type, and morning type of selected college students were 8.0%, 68.0%, and 24.0%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of chronotypes in different sex, academic major, residence, only-child, and physical activity groups (P< 0.05). The positive rates of urinary monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl)phthalate (MEHHP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) were 97.5%, 97.9%, 98.6%, 98.6%, 98.7%, and 80.5%, respectively, and the specific gravity standardized median concentrations were 16.02, 24.61, 15.33, 263.25, 12.19, and 2.94 μg·L-1, respectively. After controlling confounding factors, MMP was negatively associated with chronotypes in female (OR=0.55; 95% CI: 0.33-0.89) by the GLM; MMP was negatively associated with chronotypes in female with high-level group (OR=0.51; 95% CI: 0.28-0.92), and the trend test result of MMP was statistically significant (P< 0.05). No association was found between selected six phthalates metabolites and chronotypes in male.

    Conclusion

    The selected college students are widely exposed to multiple phthalates. MMP was associated with night type in female college students.

     

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