医院理疗科职业危害因素检测与评价
Monitoring and Assessment of Occupational Health Hazards in Department of Physiotherapy in a Hospital
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摘要:
目的 了解医院理疗科存在的职业危害因素种类及强度,探讨可行的职业危害控制措施。 方法 开展现场卫生学调查,对理疗科医务人员的职业危害因素接触水平进行卫生学检测与评价。 结果 理疗科存在的职业危害因素有超高频辐射、高频电磁场、微波辐射。超短波治疗室的医师办公区和治疗区超高频电场强度均超出了职业接触限值;治疗区医师的头、胸、腹3个部位电场强度在61.4~88.8 V/m之间,超标均在3倍以上;医师头部位置超标更为严重。高频治疗区医师的头、胸、腹3个部位的电场强度在32.3~44.2 V/m之间,超过国家卫生标准。微波治疗室的微波辐射强度符合国家卫生标准的要求。 结论 医院理疗科应通过增加办公区与治疗区之间的距离、采用场源良导体电磁屏蔽、在办公区与治疗区之间悬挂屏蔽幕布、配备个人防护用品等职业防护措施,降低理疗科医务人员的电磁辐射暴露水平。 Abstract:Objective To find out the kinds and intensity of occupational hazardous factors in department of physiotherapy in a hospital and discuss feasible control measures. Methods On the basis of on-site investigation, we carried out the hygienic measurement and assessment on the contacting level of occupational hazardous factors for medical personnels in this department. Results There existed three kinds of hazardous factors including ultra high frequency radiation, high frequency electromagnetic field and microwave radiation in the department of physiotherapy. In the ultra-short wave therapeutic room, the electrical-field intensity of ultra high frequency radiation in both office region and treatment region exceeded the occupational exposure limit. The electrical-field intensity on the head, chest and abdomen of medical personnel was 61.4-88.8 V/m, which was 3 times higher than the occupational exposure limit. The electrical-field intensity on doctors' head was the highest in the three parts. In the high frequency treatment region, the electrical-field intensity on head, chest and abdomen of medical personnel was 32.3-44.2 V/m, exceeded the national hygienic standard. The microwave radiation intensity in the microwave therapeutic room is in accord with the national hygienic standard. Conclusion In order to decrease the occupational exposure level of electromagnetic radiation, the occupational protective measures such as increasing the distance of office region from treatment region, taking electromagnetic shielding on field emission source, hanging shielding curtain between the office region and treatment region and providing personal protective equipments should be considered in the department of physiotherapy.
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