淀山湖微囊藻毒素-LR的污染状况及居民肝功能的调查
Study on Pollution Level of Microcystin in Lake Water and Liver Function of Local Residents around Dianshan Lake
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摘要:
目的 了解淀山湖区微囊藻毒素 -LR(MC-LR)的污染状况及当地居民肝功能指标的水平。 方法 于 2008 年 5~9 月, 对淀山湖区的东部、南部、西部、北部及中部 5 个监测点的水样进行连续监测, 监测指标包括总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、浊度、pH值、耗氧量(COD)和 MC-LR; 同时, 选取在淀山湖区生活 10年以上且常年接触淀山湖水的青浦区金泽社区陈东村 120名居民为观察组, 以不接触淀山湖水, 且无肝脏损伤的青东地区某企业员工 122人为对照组, 检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)四项指标水平。 结果 淀山湖水的 pH值为 7.94, 呈弱碱性, 浊度 20.92度, 耗氧量为 5.28 mg/L。淀山湖水中 TP浓度、TN浓度分别在 0.06~0.31 μg/mL和 0.2~6.3 μg/mL之间波动, 均超过了《中华人民共和国地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)中 Ⅲ类标准,TN/TP的范围在 0~54.4之间, 水中 MC-LR浓度为 0.0085 μg/L。观察组居民血清 AST、LDH和 GGT活性均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组间血清 ALT活性差异无统计学意义(P=0.574)。观察组中 2人血清指标高于正常值,对照组均在正常范围内。 结论 淀山湖区水体呈一定的富营养化, 且存在 MC-LR污染, 长期生活在该地区的居民健康可能受到一定程度的影响。 Abstract:Objective To study the pollution level of microcystin and its effect on the liver function of residents living around Dianshan lake. Methods Selecting 5 sites in east, west, north, south and middle in the lake as the monitoring points, samples were collected during May to September in 2008, then total phosphorus(TP), total nitrogen(TN), pH, turbidity, COD and microcystin-LR (MC-LR)were continually analyzed. At the same period, a serum epidemiological study was carried out in 120 local residents around the lake who lived there for more than 10 years. Another 122 factory workers were chosen as control whose working and living environment were not affected by Dianshan lake. Results In the water samples, pH was 7.94, turbidity was 20.92, COD was 5.28mg/L, TP was in the level of 0.06 to 0.31μg/ml, TN was 0.2 to 6.3μg/ml, and TN/TP ratio was ranged between 0-54.4. The water samples also showed the Dianshan lake was polluted by MC-LR as its concentration reached 0.0085μg/L. It was more serious in summer and autumn. Compared with control group, the activity of AST, LDH and GGT in the serum of local residents were all higher with significant difference(P < 0.05), but ALT showed no difference between the two groups(P=0.574). Conclusion Dianshan lake have been polluted by MC-LR, The liver function of residents living around Dianshan lake for a long time may be affected by the pollution.
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