重庆市永川新城区室内甲醛污染调查
Investigation on Indoor Formaldehyde Pollution in New Urban District of Yongchuan, Chongqing
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摘要:
目的 了解重庆市永川新城区室内甲醛污染状况,探讨室内甲醛污染的防治方法。 方法 在2008 年3~12 月间,采用问卷调查和现场调查的方法,对永川新城区100 户新装修住户的室内甲醛浓度水平进行调查。 结果 被调查人群的感官反应主要为感觉有异味、眼睛症状、易感冒、皮肤过敏等。现场调查的37 户新装修住宅中,室内甲醛总体浓度范围为0.002~0.634 mg/m3,平均浓度为0.158 mg/m3,超标率为55.2%。卧室和书房中的甲醛浓度较接近,但明显高于客厅和厨房。室内甲醛原始浓度较高时,仅采取自然通风的方法,1 个半月后甲醛浓度可降低34.1%~48.3%;室内甲醛原始浓度较低时,采取植物吸收、吸附剂吸附、强化通风等常用方法,2 个半月后甲醛浓度可达到室内空气质量的相关要求。 结论 居民居住室内环境中甲醛浓度大多数超标,以轻度超标为主,采取常用处理措施可在一定程度上降低室内甲醛浓度。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the indoor formaldehyde pollution in new urban district of Yongchuan,Chongqing, and to explore means to control such pollution. Methods During March and December 2008, the indoor formaldehyde pollution level in new urban district of Yongchuan was studied with a questionnaire and field sampling and laboratory determination. Results Main sensory complains from the people enquired were offensive smelling, eye irritation, easy catch cold, skin hypersensitive, etc. Field studies showed the average concentration of formaldehyde was 0.158 mg/m3, with range of 0.002 to 0.634 mg/m3, and rate exceeded standard 55.2% in 37 recently decorated houses. The concentration of formaldehyde in bedroom and study were similar to each other, while they were obviously higher than those in living room and kitchen. Concentration of formaldehyde could be reduced by 34.1%-48.3% within 1.5 months on taking natural ventilation only in case the original concentration of formaldehyde was high; and the quality of indoor air could meet criteria by means as plant assimilation, sorbents adsorption and enforced ventilation within 2.5 months in case of the original concentration was low. Conclusion The concentration of formaldehyde in indoor air is mildly exceeded the standard in most cases; however, it can be reduced in certain extent by usual preventive mesures.
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