王学生, 刘楠, 关维俊, 庞淑兰, 白玉萍, 徐国卉, 刘英莉. 短期苯暴露对工人外周血象及淋巴细胞染色体的损伤[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2010, 27(8): 464-467.
引用本文: 王学生, 刘楠, 关维俊, 庞淑兰, 白玉萍, 徐国卉, 刘英莉. 短期苯暴露对工人外周血象及淋巴细胞染色体的损伤[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2010, 27(8): 464-467.
WANG Xue-sheng , LIU Nan , GUAN Wei-jun , PANG Shu-lan , BAI Yu-ping , XU Guo-hui , LIU Ying-li . Effect of Short-term Benzene Exposure on Peripheral Blood and Chromosomal Damage among Workers[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2010, 27(8): 464-467.
Citation: WANG Xue-sheng , LIU Nan , GUAN Wei-jun , PANG Shu-lan , BAI Yu-ping , XU Guo-hui , LIU Ying-li . Effect of Short-term Benzene Exposure on Peripheral Blood and Chromosomal Damage among Workers[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2010, 27(8): 464-467.

短期苯暴露对工人外周血象及淋巴细胞染色体的损伤

Effect of Short-term Benzene Exposure on Peripheral Blood and Chromosomal Damage among Workers

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨短期苯暴露对鞋厂工人外周血象及淋巴细胞染色体的损伤。

    方法 测定作业场所空气中苯浓度,检查203名苯暴露工人(暴露组)与当地未暴露苯和其他有毒有害物质的178名健康工人(对照组)的血常规指标。应用外周血淋巴细胞胞质分裂阻滞微核(CBMN)试验结果评价研究对象外周血淋巴细胞染色体损伤。

    结果 暴露组外周血红细胞计数(RBC)、血细胞比(HCT)、血小板计数(PLT)、红细胞分布活力(RDW)降低的阳性率和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)异常率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义,χ2值分别为38.21、21.37、18.02、22.17、36.59、41.23,F均<0.01;将暴露组按接苯工龄分为≤8个月、9~15个月和16~24个月3组,中性粒细胞(GRAN)减少的阳性率随着工龄的增长而有增高的趋势,且差异具有统计学意义(F=7.47,P<0.05);进一步按性别分类,发现暴露组女工HCT、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、PLT、血红蛋白含量(HGB)、RDW异常率明显高于男工,χ2值分别为21.04、36.26、6.94、71.62、12.91,F均<0.01。暴露组CBMN率(2.98& #177;1.49)‰明显高于对照组(0.39& #177;0.72)‰,P<0.001。

    结论 短期苯暴露对作业工人的血液系统及染色体损伤有一定影响,并且上述指标的改变早于白细胞的异常,在职业性苯中毒的早期诊断中具有一定意义。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of short-term benzene exposure on human peripheral blood and cell genotoxicity.

    Methods Benzene concentrations in the air of workplaces were determined. Blood routine indices were examined in peripheral blood in 203 workers of a shoemaking factory who were exposed to benzene, and their chromosomal damage of peripheral blood lymphocyte were evaluated with cytokinesis-block micronucleus(CBMN) method. A total of 178 workers who weren't exposed to benzene and other toxic substances served as control group.

    Results Compared with the control group, the abnormality ratio of red blood cell(RBC), hematocrit(HCT), platelet count(PLT), red cell distribution width(RDW), mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) of benzene exposed group showed significantly decrease, χ2 were 38.21, 21.37, 18.02, 22.17, 36.59 and 41.23, respectively (P<0.01). Two hundred and three exposed subjects were divided into three groups by their length of service (≤8 months, 9-15 months and 16-24 months), stratification analysis found that significant associations between the abnormality ratio of granulocyte (GRAN) and the le ngth of service (F=7.47, P<0.05)existed. The abnormality of HCT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), PLT, hemoglobin (HGB) and RDW in females were significantly higher than that in males, χ2=21.04, 36.26, 6.94, 71.62, 12.91, P<0.01, respectively. The ly mphocyte chromosomal damage level expressed as frequency of CBMN in benzene exposed workers was significantly higher than that in controls (2.98& #177;1.49)‰, vs (0.39& #177;0.72)‰, P<0.001.

    Conclusion Short-term benzene exposure is an occupational hazard to workers' blood system and cell genotoxicity. The changes in the above-mentioned indices are shown earlier than the decrease of leucocytes.

     

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