青海高职医学生艾滋病职业暴露知识、信念、行为的调查
An Investigation on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice(KAP) of Occupational Exposure to AIDS in Medical College Students in Qinghai
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摘要:
目的 了解青海高职医学生艾滋病职业暴露知识、信念、行为现况,为在高职医学生中开展艾滋病职业暴露及职业防护健康教育提供科学依据。 方法 以教学班级为单位按年级分层随机整群抽样,在青海卫生职业技术学院1~3年级学生中随机抽取750人,对艾滋病职业暴露知识、职业防护知识及教育需求状况、毕业后从业意愿等进行问卷调查。 结论 高职医学生职业暴露知识回答正确率最高的问题是职业暴露后的正确处理流程,为32.5%;回答正确率最低的问题是职业暴露级别的评估,仅为2.72%。各年级暴露知识得分差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),三年级得分较高,一年级得分最低;不同专业间职业暴露知识得分有统计学意义(P<0.05),临床专业得分最高,检验和影像专业得分最低。在被调查的医学生中,仅有7.8%接触过艾滋病病人;21.0%没有接触过艾滋病有关知识的教育;仅有8.4%接受过艾滋病职业暴露、职业防护知识的教育,10.5%的高职医学生接受过,但印象不深;78.0%的高职医学生有需求进一步接受艾滋病职业暴露及专业防护有关知识的教育。仅有25.6%的高职医学生毕业后愿意从事艾滋病防治相关工作。 结论 青海高职医学生艾滋病职业暴露及职业防护知识掌握不够全面,不能正确对待艾滋病病人或感染者,存在明显的歧视倾向;不乐于从事艾滋病防治工作的学生较多。 Abstract:Objective To understand the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of occupational exposure to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)in medical college students in Qinghai and provide evidences to promote health education in this group. Methods A total of 750 students were recruited by a stratified cluster sampling design in a medical college in Qinghai. A questionnaire was used to collect information on occupational exposure to AIDS, occupational protection, education needs and personal career building. Results The highest score rate (32.5%)was found in answering to proper handling protocol after occupational exposure to AIDS. The lowest score (2.72%) was given to the estimated occupational exposure level. Training year significantly affected the score(P<0.05). The junior students showed the highest score and the freshmen the lowest score. The knowledge score was also varied in different academic majors (P<0.05). The students of clinic medicine showed the highest score, but the clinic laboratory and radiological imaging students had the lowest score. 7.8% of students contacted AIDS patients in their clinic practice, 21.0% did not have training on AIDS, 8.4% had trained on occupational exposure and protection to AIDS, 10.5% had been trained related topics but did not remember well and 78.0% of students wanted further related educations. 25.6% of students showed interests in AIDS related medical and preventive career. Conclusion The in vestigation suggested that medical college students did not have sufficient training on occupational exposure to AIDS and showed low in terests to AIDS related medical and preventive career in the future.
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