公司职员职业紧张与工作倦怠的关系
Association between Occupational Stress and Job Burnout among Staff in Companies
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摘要:
目的 探讨公司职员职业紧张与工作倦怠的关系,以期为采取合适的干预措施提供科学依据。 方法 抽取静安区11座商务楼,问卷调查1 033名职员,采用工作内容问卷(job content questionnaire, JCQ)和Maslach工作倦怠量表,调查职员一般情况、职员的职业紧张和工作倦怠情况。资料采用方差分析、等级相关和logistic回归方法进行统计分析。 结果 方差分析结果表明, JCQ各维度得分和工作倦怠量表各维度得分,在不同个体特征和不同职业特征之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);等级相关结果显示,职业紧张与工作倦怠的Spearman等级相关系数为0.321(P<0.000 1);社会支持与职业紧张和工作倦怠的Spearman等级相关系数分别为-0.250和-0.252(P<0.000 1)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,不同职业紧张水平与工作倦怠风险有相关关系;而社会支持对工作倦怠的风险有缓冲效应OR=0.308(P<0.01)。 结论 职业紧张受个体特征因素影响和职业相关因素影响;高职业紧张是发生工作倦怠危险的影响因素,尤其是发生潜在工作倦怠危险的重要影响因素。应当在个人层面和组织机构层面采取措施,降低职业紧张水平,从而降低工作倦怠的风险,达到提高职员健康水平的目的。 Abstract:Objective In order to provide scientific basis for further intervention,the association between occupational stress and job burnout among staff in business buildings was discussed. Methods Eleven business buildings were selected,and 1 033 staff were interviewed about occupational stress and job burnout with questionnaire which included staff's general characterization,job content questionnaire (JCQ) and Maslach burnout inventory (MBI).The data were statistically analyzed by means of ANOVA analysis,rank correlation and logistic regression. Results ANOVA analysis showed that scoring of each JCQ dimension and each MBI dimension varied significantly between different individual characterizations and different occupational characterizations (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Rank correlation indicated that the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between occupational stress and job burnout was 0.321(P<0.000 1),Spearman rank correlation coefficient of social support with occupational stress and job burnout was-0.250 and-0.252 respectively (P<0.01).Logistic regression showed that dose-response correlation existed between extension of occupational stress and risk of job burnout,and social support could mitigate the risk of job burnout OR=0.308(P<0.01). Conclusion Occupational stress is influenced by individual factors and work factors.High job stress is an important factor that will result in high risk of job burnout,especially potential job burnout.Measures should be taken on the individual level and on the organizational level to reduce occupational stress,and then the risk of job burnout would be decreased and staff's health could be promoted.
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