余姚市机纺石棉企业职业卫生现状调查与评价
Occupational Health Survey and Evaluation on Machine Spinning Asbestos in Yuyao
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摘要:
目的 了解余姚市机纺石棉企业作业场所职业卫生现状及该作业环境对作业工人健康的影响,为机纺石棉企业职业病防制提供科学依据。 方法 对余姚市8家机纺石棉企业进行职业卫生现状调查、石棉尘浓度检测和评价、183名作业工人职业健康检查。 结果 石棉尘浓度超标、25个监测点仅2点合格; 183名作业工人中检出3名疑似石棉肺患者, 9名观察对象及37名肺纹理异常者;每一企业设一套机械通风除尘装置及2~4个水雾喷淋装置,企业为每名工人发两套工作服和每月一副防尘口罩。 结论 机纺石棉企业职业危害和对工人健康影响是严重的,防护设施和个人防护用品不足。在今后工作中应加强对机纺石棉企业的监管,以改善劳动环境,保护作业工人职业健康。 Abstract:Objective To understand the occupational health status and the impact on the health of workers in machine spinning asbestos,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of relative occupational diseases. Methods A total of 8 enterprises were investigated.The occupational health survey included detection and evaluation of asbestos dust concentrations,as well as occupational health inspection of 183 workers exposed to asbestos. Results The asbestos dust concentrations were higher than the national standard except 2 points qualified in 25 monitoring points.3 workers were diagnosed as suspected asbestosis,9 were observed objects and 37 were abnormal lung markings among the 183 workers.Each selected enterprise installed a mechanical ventilation/dust removal system and 2 to 4 spray devices.Each worker received two sets of working clothes and a dust mask per month. Conclusion Occupational hazards and severe health effects are found in machine spinning asbestos industry.Current personal protective equipment and protection facilities are imperfect.Health supervision of asbestos spinning enterprises should be strengthened,in order to improve the working environment and protect workers' occupational health in future.
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