城市中青年工作满意度与心理健康的关系
Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Mental Health among Urban Young and Middle-Aged Chinese
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摘要:
目的 探讨中国城市中青年工作满意度与心理健康的关系。 方法 选取南京地区14 个月幼儿的701 名父母为研究对象,运用工作满意度量表及症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90)进行调查。 结果 工作满意度各维度中同事关系满意度最高,工作条件满意度最低。物质需求、工作负荷、工作兴趣、自主性、上司支持、同事关系与SCL-90 的抑郁焦虑因子呈负相关(r = -0.11~-0.26,P < 0.01);除工作兴趣之外,工作满意度各维度与SCL-90 的躯体化因子呈负相关(r = -0.08~-0.09,P < 0.05)。Logistic 回归分析表明,低工作负荷是躯体化因子的保护因素(OR = 0.43,P < 0.001);低工作负荷、高工作自主性和良好的同事关系是抑郁焦虑因子的保护因素(OR = 0.40、0.55、0.23,P < 0.001)。 结论 工作负荷、工作自主性和同事关系对心理健康的影响具有跨工作岗位的普遍性,提高工作满意度可以对心理健康起到保护作用。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and mental health among urban middle-aged and young people with various occupations in contemporary China. Methods A sample of 701 adults aged 22-52 years, having 14-month-old infants, and resided in Nanjing was recruited to the current study. Self-edited job satisfaction scale and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) were used (One-way ANOVA was conducted for comparison of the mental health in sex, age, education, family income, enterprise type and job type. Logistic regression was applied to test the impact of job satisfaction on mental health under demographical variables as control). Results The six facets of job satisfaction in the current study were material demand, work condition (i.e. work stress), work interest, work autonomy, supervisor support, and coworker support, among which coworker support presented the highest score while work condition showed the lowest score. All six facets were negatively correlated with depression and anxiety in SCL-90 (r = -0.11~-0.26, P < 0.01). Except work interest, the other facets were negatively correlated with somatization in SCL-90 (r = -0.08~-0.09, P < 0.05). After age, enterprise type, and job type were controlled, lower work condition decreased the occurrence of somatization (OR = 0.43, P < 0.05); lower work condition, higher work interest, and higher coworker support decreased the occurrence of depression and anxiety (OR = 0.40, 0.55, and 0.23, P < 0.01). Conclusion These findings highlight that lower work stress, higher work autonomy, and better coworker relationship are possible protective factors of workplace mental health across occupations and companies in China.
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