娱乐场所女性服务人员性病艾滋病知识、态度、行为特征及影响因素
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of STD/AIDS and its Influencing Factors among Female Entertainment Workers
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摘要:
目的 了解上海娱乐场所女性服务人员性病艾滋病(STD/AIDS)知识、态度、行为及影响因素, 为艾滋病防控提供参考依据。 方法 采用统一设计的问卷进行调查, 并分别于基线调查后的 4个月、8个月进行第 1、2次随访调查, 利用广义估计方程对重复测量资料进行分析。 结果 有 83名调查对象参加了 3次调查, STD/AIDS知识得分大于 18分的百分率分别为 26.51%、38.55%和 57.83%, 文化程度越高, 则知识水平越高, 两次随访均较基线调查时知识水平有明显提高; 歧视得分大于 9分的百分率分别为 43.37%、35.37%和 32.53%, 来沪时间越长、知识水平越高歧视越低; 最近一个月每次都使用安全套的比例三次调查分别为 48.19%、59.04%和 55.42%, 没有固定性伴、安全套使用自我效能越高, 安全套使用率越高; 出现症状后, 接受正规治疗的比例分别是 65.00%、62.50%和 66.67%, 来自大场所、歧视得分低的对象正规治疗率高。 结论 目前的社区高危行为干预工作仅能提高调查对象知识水平,但对艾滋病歧视、高危行为、就医行为没有明显效果, 尤其是小场所、低文化、来沪时间短的对象; 要有针对性加强宣传, 降低歧视, 提高自我效能。 Abstract:Objective To learn about the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of STD/AIDS and its influencing factors of female entertainment workers (FEWs) in Shanghai, and to provide references for AIDS prevention and control. Methods Follow-up visits were conducted 4 months and 8 months after the baseline survey which was conducted with unified questionnaire. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was applied to analyze repeated measurement data. Results A total of 83 FEWs were enrolled the three consecutive surveys. The percentage of STD/AIDS knowledge score above 18 was 26.51%, 38.55% and 57.83% respectively, which showed that the knowledge level in two follow-up visits was significantly elevated and was positively associated with education level. The percentage of discrimination score above 9 was 43.37%, 35.37% and 32.53% respectively, and the discrimination score was negatively associated with years stay in Shanghai and knowledge level. The percentage of FEWs reported using condoms every time in the last month was 48.19%, 59.04% and 55.42% respectively, and those who had no fixed sexual partners or had a higher condom self-efficacy used condoms more often. After STD-related symptoms appeared, 65.00%, 62.50% and 66.67% FEWs received regular treatment respectively, and those who had a lower discrimination score or came from large entertainment venues were more likely to get regular treatment. Conclusion The current intervention has achieved in improving the knowledge level of study subjects, but little in AIDS discrimination, high risk behavior and medical service seeking, especially among those who work in small locales, who are poorly educated and who have stayed in Shanghai for short period of time. Efforts should be enhanced in STD/AIDS education to reduce discrimination and improve self-efficacy.
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