孙灿, 耿菊敏, 王瑾, 李姿, 杨萍, 魏蓉. 美白祛斑类化妆品中的汞致人体不良效应调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2012, 29(4): 228-230.
引用本文: 孙灿, 耿菊敏, 王瑾, 李姿, 杨萍, 魏蓉. 美白祛斑类化妆品中的汞致人体不良效应调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2012, 29(4): 228-230.
SUN Can , GENG Ju-min , WANG Jin , LI Zi , YANG Ping , WEI Rong . Adverse Effects of Mercury Exposure from Whitening Cosmetics among Consumers[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2012, 29(4): 228-230.
Citation: SUN Can , GENG Ju-min , WANG Jin , LI Zi , YANG Ping , WEI Rong . Adverse Effects of Mercury Exposure from Whitening Cosmetics among Consumers[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2012, 29(4): 228-230.

美白祛斑类化妆品中的汞致人体不良效应调查

Adverse Effects of Mercury Exposure from Whitening Cosmetics among Consumers

  • 摘要: 目的 调查美白祛斑类化妆品中的汞对使用者产生的皮肤和全身临床症状以及尿液和血液中生物标志物的改变情况。

    方法 调查昆明市美白祛斑类化妆品使用者49例,根据化妆品中汞含量分为汞超标组(29例)和汞未超标组(20例),采用调查表和体检结合收集临床资料,原子吸收光谱法测定化妆品中的汞和尿汞含量,全自动生化分析仪进行血液生化常规分析,取外周血采用彗星试验检测DNA损伤情况。

    结果 汞超标组与汞未超标组局部皮肤症状(P>0.05)和全身临床症状(P>0.05)差异没有统计学意义,皮肤增白效果差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。汞超标组的化妆品汞含量最小值为1 737 mg/kg,最大值为196 342 mg/kg,中位数为11 374 mg/kg。使用汞超标化妆品者的尿汞值明显高于使用汞未超标化妆品者(P<0.01),其尿汞超标率达100%(29/29)。使用者尿汞值与化妆品汞含量值存在正相关性。两组使用者血液细胞分类计数和生化指标值差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。汞超标组外周血细胞彗星试验细胞拖尾率(10.3%)高于汞未超标组(4.5%)(P<0.01)。

    结论 美白祛斑类化妆品中的汞可以导致使用者尿汞升高,汞在体内慢性蓄积可能导致DNA损伤,但对局部皮肤未显示明显的毒性作用,也未引起和汞相关的全身临床症状。

     

    Abstract: Objective To evaluate the dermal and systemic symptoms, as well as the changes of biomarkers in urine and blood caused by mercury exposure from whitening cosmetics on users.

    Methods A total of 49 women who used whitening cosmetics participated in this study as volunteers by random sampling, and were divided into mercury-exposed group (29 cases) and control group (20 cases) according to the mercury concentration in cosmetics. Clinical data were collected by both questionnaire and physical check-up. The mercury content in cream cosmetics in use and urine were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Biochemical parameters of blood samples were tested with automatic biochemical analyzer, and peripheral lym phocyte DNA damages were detected with single cell gel electrophoresis.

    Results There were no differences of dermal and systematic symptoms between the mercury-exposed group and the control group (both P>0.05), but there was significant difference of skin whitening between them (P<0.01). In the cosmetics of mercury-exposed group, the mercury content ranged from 1 737 to 196 342 mg/kg, with median of 11 374 mg/kg. The urine mercury concentrations were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01) and 100% (29/29) of the urine samples exceeded mercury limit. There was a significant positive correlation between the mercury contents in cosmetics and urine samples. There was no significant deference of differential blood cell counts and serum biomedical indices between the two groups (P>0.05). Result of comet assay showed the length of DNA tail was 10.3% in exposure group, significantly higher than that in control group (4.5%) (P<0.01).

    Conclusion The whitening cosmetics containing high levels of mercury can cause high urinary mercury concentration in consumers. Chronic mercury retention may result in DNA damage, though neither negative dermal nor systematic symptoms were observed.

     

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