贾宁, 秦汝莉, 李玉珍, 张雪艳, 李建国, 赵春香, 周久利, 王忠旭. 黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业工人手部湿疹及其危险因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2012, 29(7): 415-419.
引用本文: 贾宁, 秦汝莉, 李玉珍, 张雪艳, 李建国, 赵春香, 周久利, 王忠旭. 黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业工人手部湿疹及其危险因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2012, 29(7): 415-419.
JIA Ning , QIN Ru-li , LI Yu-zhen , ZHANG Xue-yan , LI Jian-guo , ZHAO Chun-xiang , ZHOU Jiu-li , WANG Zhong-xu . Hand Eczema and Its Risk Factors of Workers in Ferrous Metal Smelting and Calendering Processing Industry[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2012, 29(7): 415-419.
Citation: JIA Ning , QIN Ru-li , LI Yu-zhen , ZHANG Xue-yan , LI Jian-guo , ZHAO Chun-xiang , ZHOU Jiu-li , WANG Zhong-xu . Hand Eczema and Its Risk Factors of Workers in Ferrous Metal Smelting and Calendering Processing Industry[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2012, 29(7): 415-419.

黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业工人手部湿疹及其危险因素

Hand Eczema and Its Risk Factors of Workers in Ferrous Metal Smelting and Calendering Processing Industry

  • 摘要: 目的 调查黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业工人手部湿疹的患病情况,探讨其相关危险因素。

    方法 采用随机抽样方法,对某省11 家黑色金属冶炼和压延加工企业工人手部湿疹的患病情况进行横断面调查,利用χ2 检验和多因素logistic 回归进行手部湿疹的危险因素分析。

    结果 该11 家黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业工人手部湿疹的患病率为12.8%,其中从事热处理、造型和金属熔炼工序的工人手部湿疹的患病率较高,分别为26.8%、25.4%和25.0%。作业工人自诉生产性粉尘、金属及其盐类(锰及其化合物、铬及其化合物、镍化合物)、金属加工液、强酸(硫酸、硝酸、盐酸)、有机溶剂(苯及其同系物、三氯乙烯、四氯化碳)和高温为可能导致手部湿疹的危险因素。多元logistic回归分析表明,金属加工液、男性、年龄、全身皮肤干燥、皮肤过敏史和哮喘史被选入模型。其中,金属加工液的OR值(5.007)最高。

    结论 黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业工人手部湿疹的患病率较高,应积极采取切实有效的防护措施,减少和预防该病的发生。

     

    Abstract: Objective To estimate the prevalence of hand eczema among workers of ferrous metal smelting and calendering processing industry, and to explore related risk factors.

    Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among workers with hand eczema randomly selected from 11 ferrous metal smelting and calendering processing enterprises in a province of China. The χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze risk factors of hand eczema.

    Results Of the workers investigated, the prevalence rate of hand eczema was 12.8%, and higher prevalences of hand eczema were found in workers engaged in heat treatment, moulding and smelting procedures, being 26.8%, 25.4% and 25.0%, respectively. Their selfreported risk factors of hand eczema were productive dust, metals and their salts (manganese, chromium, and their compounds, and nickel compounds), metal-working fluids, strong acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid), organic solvents (benzene and its homologues, trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride) and high temperature. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that metal-working fluids, male, age, dry skin, and history of skin allergies and asthma were the risk factors. Among them, the OR value of metal-working fluids (5.007) was the highest.

    Conclusion The prevalence rate of hand eczema in workers of ferrous metal smelting and calendering processing industry is high. Effective protective measures should be implemented to reduce and prevent the occurrence of hand eczema in this population.

     

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