广州市某医疗机构体检儿童血铅水平调查
Blood Lead Levels of Children under 14 Years of Age from a Physical Examination in a Hospital in Guangzhou
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摘要:
目的 调查广州市0~14 岁儿童血铅水平,为防治儿童铅中毒提供科学依据。 方法 收集2010 年1 月至2011 年6 月在广东省中医院就诊的0~14 岁儿童1 517 名血铅资料,按照年龄划分为3 组:<3 岁、3~7 岁及>7 岁儿童组。采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铅含量。 结果 0~14 岁儿童血铅均值为57.05 μg/L;血铅≥ 100 μg/L 者39 例,占调查人数的2.57%。不同年龄组间儿童血铅水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3~14 岁年龄段男童血铅水平明显高于女童(P<0.05)。 结论 本次调查儿童血铅水平及铅中毒率较低。但铅对儿童健康的潜在风险不能忽视,应加强儿童铅中毒防治健康教育。 Abstract:Objective To estimate blood lead levels among children under the age of 14 in Guangzhou so as to provide basis for lead poisoning control and prevention. Methods Blood samples were collected from 1 517 children under the age of 14 years old who went to Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2010 and June 2011. They were divided into three groups by age (0-3, 3-7 and 7-14 years old). Blood lead levels were detected with atomic absorption spectrometer. Results The average blood lead level of the children examined was 57.05 μg/L. Thirty nine cases (2.57%) were found with blood lead levels greater than 100 μg/L. Significant differences in blood lead levels were observed among different age groups (P<0.05). The blood lead levels were significantly higher in boys than in girls of the 3-14 year-old group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with historical data, the blood lead levels and the lead poisoning rates are lower among children less than 14 years old in Guangzhou in this survey. However, potential risks of lead exposure should be taken into account by enhancing health education.
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