上海市医疗机构正电子发射断层显像/X线计算机体层成像仪(PET/CT)工作人员受照剂量调查
Radiation Exposure Dose in Staff Involving Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) Imaging in Medical Institutions of Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 掌握目前上海市从事正电子发射断层显像/X线计算机体层成像仪(PET/CT)工作的人员受照情况。 方法 普查上海市PET/CT工作人员基本情况,监测PET/CT工作场所γ辐射空气吸收剂量率和放射工作人员外照射个人累积剂量。 结果 截至2011年,上海市共有PET/CT 13台,工作人员153名。采用不同放射性药物分装形式和注射方式,工作人员身体同一部位所受剂量有较大差别:非通风橱分装情况下(不考虑手部),眼部γ辐射空气吸收剂量率最高,其最大值达到613.6 μSv/h,是通风橱内操作的62倍;注射操作时,移动式防护车方式所受剂量最高,胸部最大值为391.8 μSv/h;全身各部位均以手部受照剂量最大,分别达到4 407.0 μSv/h和2 211.3 μSv/h。不同工作岗位放射工作人员外照射个人累积剂量也存在较大差别,依次为护士 > 技师 > 医师,护士的双月最大剂量达到3 946.6 μSv。 结论 上海市PET/CT整体防护达到国家标准要求,但在受照剂量尽可能低的原则下,工作人员防护仍需要改进完善。 Abstract:Objective To collect information about radiation exposure in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) related medical staff in Shanghai. Methods Basic information of PET/CT staff was collected in Shanghai. Air absorbed dose rates from γ radiation in selected workplaces and individual cumulative doses from external exposures were monitored and estimated. Results By the end of 2011, there were 13 sets of PET/CT and 153 related medical staff in Shanghai. The radiation doses to a body part varied with repacking and injecting methods of radiopharmaceutical:the highest air absorbed dose rate from γ radiation was found in eyes (exclude hands) if repacking without ventilation facility, the maximum value reached 613.6 μSv/h, which was 62 times the value of repacking with ventilation. The air absorbed dose rate from γ radiation reached the maximum of 391.8μSv/h in chest (exclude hands) if injection with mobile protection cart. Hands were the body part with highest exposure dose rate regardless of repacking or injection methods, and the maximum value were 4 407.0 μSv/h and 2 211.3 μSv/h respectively. In addition, individual cumulative doses varied with staffs' job titles, leading by nurses, technicians, and doctors. The bimonthly maximum dose reached 3 946.6 μSv in the nurse group. Conclusion In Shanghai, the overall PET/CT protection levels meet national standards. However, the exposure levels can be further reduced to as low as possible.
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