某家具厂喷漆作业场所有害气体通风防护措施分析与建议
Analysis and Recommendation on Ventilation and Protective Measures against Occupational Hazards in a Furniture Paint Spraying Workshop
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摘要:
目的 掌握木制品企业喷漆场所职业病危害现状,了解防护设施有效性,改善工作场所劳动条件,提高防护水平。 方法 通过现场调查,定量和定性分析有害气体通风防护措施状况。 结果 喷漆工作场所空气中二甲苯浓度普遍超标,超标率为83%。有8 名喷漆人员接触苯系物的相关体检项目指标异常,占接触人数的10%。喷漆台排风罩和喷漆房侧吸罩前1 m处的风速分别为0.2~0.3、0.3~0.4 m/s,通风防护效果差。 结论 原喷漆作业通风防护装置存在结构性缺陷。经采取改良措施,设计整体密闭层流通风罩,并在其与外界相贯通的出入口设置负压气锁,既可提高对罩内操作人员的防护效果,又可控制对罩外的污染。 Abstract:Objective To know well about the current situation of occupational hazards in paint spraying workplace of wooden furniture factories and the efficiency of protection measures, so as to improve working conditions and protection levels. Methods A field investigation was conducted to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the ventilation and protection measures against harmful gases. Results The unqualified rate of xylene concentration in the air of the selected workplace was 83%. Abnormal health examination indicators were reported for 8 workers, accounting for 10% of the total exposed workers. The wind speeds at 1 m distance in front of the exhaust hood and the side suction cover were 0.2-0.3 m/s and 0.3-0.4 m/s respectively, indicating poor protective effects. Conclusion There are structural defects in the original ventilation protective devices of the paint spraying workshop. Improvement measures, such as overall confined laminar flow hood with a negative pressure airlock linking the outside, will enhance the protective effect for operators under the hood and also control pollution outside the hood.
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