沙颍河流域某段污染现况及生态风险评价
Pollution Status and Ecological Risk Assessment of Segments of Shaying River
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摘要:
目的 选择沙颍河某段为研究对象,评价2011年该河流域某段的整体污染状况,为健康评价提供参考。 方法 分别在丰水期、枯水期采集沙颍河流域内某段河水和底泥及该河段流域内BG村与HS村农田土壤样本进行检测。采用水质综合评价污染指数法对流域内河流水质进行评价;对河流底泥、流域内农田土壤进行潜在生态风险评价。 结果 污染指数水质综合评价法结果显示沙颍河某段丰水期、枯水期3断面均为6级污染等级(WQI为10.0~100.0);对沙颍河某段底泥进行潜在生态风险评价结果显示, 3断面底泥汞的单因子潜在生态风险指数最高(145.520, 154.267, 135.573),属于强生态风险(80~160); BG村、HS村农田土壤中汞的单因子潜在生态风险指数分别为182.253、138.463,分别属于很强生态风险(160~320)和强生态风险(80~160)。 结论 沙颍河丰水期、枯水期河水水质均为严重污染;底泥、土壤中汞污染超标严重,对人群具有强生态风险。 Abstract:Objective To assess the overall pollution status of selected segments of the Shaying River and to provide reference for health assessment in this area. Methods This study collected samples of river water and sediment of selected Shaying River segments, as well as soil samples of BG Village and HS Village in both a flooding season and a dry season. The river water quality was evaluated by water quality index (WQI). The ecological hazards of sediment and soil were assessed to estimate the potential ecological risk index. Results The river water quality of three selected sections were all in level 6 (WQI 10.0-100.0) for both the flooding season and the dry season. For the river sediment samples, the potential ecological risk indices of mercury in the three selected sections were the highest (145.520, 154.267, 135.573), indicating strong ecological risk (80-160). For the soil samples, the potential ecological risk indices of mercury in the BG Village was 182.253, indicating very strong ecological risk (160-320), and that of the HS Village was 138.463, indicating strong ecological risk (80-160). Conclusion The findings suggest severe water pollution in the selected sections of the Shaying River, both in flooding season and dry season. The content of mercury in soil and sediment significantly exceed the national standard with estimated high ecological risk.
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