嘉兴市居民流感知信行现状及影响因素分析
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Influenza Prevention and Related Impact Factors among Residents in Jiaxing
-
摘要:
目的 了解嘉兴市居民流感知信行现状及影响因素。 方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,随机抽取嘉兴市3 024名居民进行问卷调查。 结果 流感知识的知晓率为53.04%,流感健康行为形成率为59.15%。单因素分析表明:不同年龄、职业、文化程度居民之间的流感知识知晓率差异有统计学意义;不同年龄、地区、婚姻状况、职业、文化程度、对待流感的态度和流感知识综合得分的居民之间流感健康行为形成率差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic 回归分析显示:文化程度和职业与流感知识综合得分是否合格有关;对待流感的态度、流感知识综合得分、婚姻状况、文化程度和职业等因素与流感行为综合得分是否合格有关。居民获取流感知识最主要的途径为电视和广播(72.01%);78.74%的居民担心患流感;95.28%的居民希望了解流感相关知识。居民最希望了解的知识是“如何防范流感(43.58%);对流感宣教工作表示满意者占60.79%。 结论 居民流感知识水平与健康行为形成率均有待提高,应结合流感知识、行为综合得分的影响因素采取针对性的健康教育干预,以提高人群流感知信行水平和应对流感的能力。 Abstract:Objective To understand the situation of knowledge, attitude, practice of influenza prevention and related impact factors in Jiaxing residents. Methods Stratified random sampling method was employed to recruit 3 024 residents in Jiaxing to complete questionnaires on influenza prevention. Results The total awareness rate of influenza was 53.04%. The formation rate of influenza-related health behavior was 59.15%. The results of univariate analysis showed residents' influenza awareness was significantly affected by age, occupation, and education level; and influenza health behaviors by age, region, marital status, occupation, education level, attitude to influenza, and influenza knowledge comprehensive score. The results of multivariable logistic regression model showed that residents' influenza knowledge comprehensive score was related to education level and occupation; the residents' influenza behavior comprehensive score was related to attitude to influenza, influenza knowledge comprehensive score, marital status, education level, and occupation. Television and radio were the main channels of the residents investigated to acquire influenza-related knowledge (72.01%), 78.74% of the residents worried about catching influenza, and 95.28% of the residents expressed their willingness to improve knowledge about influenza, such as how to prevent influenza (43.58%). The satisfaction rate regarding influenza communication and education accounted for 60.79%. Conclusion The influenza knowledge level and the health behavior formation rate of the Jiaxing residents need to be improved by education programs considering the impact factors of influenza knowledge and behavior.
下载:
