Objective To examine the sanitary conditions of direct drinking water pipeline system in residential communities of Putuo District, Shanghai, in order to propose management measures regarding current protential risks, strengthen the management of direct drinking water, and provide reference for developing the Shanghai Regulation of Civil Drinking Water Hygiene Supervision and Managment and related local standards.
Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in all residential communities using direct drinking water pipeline system in 2013 to investigate and analyze the sanitary level of water houses, health license of drinking water related products and disinfection products, development and implementation of regulation on health management, selfchecking and disclosure of water quality, design of water supply pipe network, disinfection of backwater, installation of water quality monitoring system, etc.
Results In the 17 communities using direct drinking water pipeline system, only 76.5% of the water treatment equipment provided valid health permits of drinking water related products. The water house settings did not comply with the production hygiene requirements, and specifically 94.1% water houses were less than 50 m2. Uneven capability of water quality selfchecking was reported, and the number of self-checking items ranged from 8 to 14. The highest self-checking frequency was once a day, but 64.7% communities did once a month. Insufficient routine inspection and maintenance was shown in frequency variation between six times every day and once every two days and focusing on equipment operations such as water flow. Significant different chemical oxygen demand was found between reverse osmosis and nanofiltration techniques (P < 0.05). There were also statistically significant differences in oxygen consumption between the water from equipment and user network (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
Conclusion In addition to strengthening routine management and promoting relevant regulations, the health administratives should develop regulations and technical support systems of direct drinking water pipeline system, integrate supervision by health licensing, and standardize its construction and management. Meanwhile, the scientific research departments should continue to optimize and improve the process planning and parameter of direct drinking water pipeline system, develop online water quality monitoring system, and effectively in crease drinking water safety and production efficiency.
DownLoad: