Objective To analyze the role of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in the cytotoxicity to rat ovarian granulose cells induced by cooking oil fumes (COFs), and provide basic data for prevention and control of potential COFs-related negative health effects.
Methods Ovarian granulosa cells were extracted from female Wistar rats. After 24 hours of exposure to different doses of COFs (5, 25, 100, 400, 800, and 1 600 μg/mL), the cell survival rate was measured by MTT method, apoptosis by flow cytometry, the levels of estrogen (E2), progesterone (P4), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) by radioimmunoassay, and the expression levels of GPR30, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) mRNA by RT-PCR.
Results After 24 hours of COFs exposure, the survival rates of granulosa cells in the 100-1600μg/mL groups were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001); the apoptosis rates of granulosa cells in the 25-400 μg/mL groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); the P4 and E2 hormone levels in the 100-400 μg/mL groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The expression levels of GPR30 mRNA in the 100-400μg/mL groups and the level of EGFR mRNA in the 400μg/mL group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); the expression levels of STAT3 and ERK mRNA in the 100-400μg/mL groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion A certain dose of COFs can lead to an increase in the apoptosis rate and a decrease in the P4 and E2 hormone levels of ovarian granulosa cells. These adverse effects of COFs are associated with increased expression levels of STAT3 and ERK mRNA. GPR30 may be involved in the regulation of estrogen on ovarian granulosa cell growth and development.
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