Abstract: In recent years, China has achieved significant progress in controlling fine particulate matter with median aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) pollution. However, due to the high baseline levels of PM_2.5 and insufficient public awareness of its negative health impacts, the associated health risks will persist for an extended period. The task force reviewed the current status, health impacts, protective benefits, and challenges of PM_2.5 management in China. Based on the latest research evidence, this consensus proposed measures to mitigate PM_2.5-related health risks at both macro and micro levels. From a macro perspective: (1) Strengthen the development of air pollution monitoring networks and advance information management, and improve health risk early warning and emergency response mechanisms to enhance public protection capabilities; (2) Timely update national air quality standards and progressively establish regional standards and standards related to the harmful chemical species in PM_2.5 to achieve more fine-tuned pollution control; (3) Continue to promote collaborative emission reduction efforts and enhance pollution control efficiency; (4) Sustainably develop green space systems to optimize their ecological barrier functions, reducing PM_2.5 dispersion and deposition at the source. From a micro perspective: (1) Prioritize low-carbon transportation options, such as buses, walking, or cycling; (2) Wear masks to reduce PM_2.5 inhalation; (3) Use air purification devices to improve indoor air quality; (4) Adjust dietary patterns to ensure diverse and balanced nutrient intake; (5) Replace solid fuels with clean energy sources; (6) Strategically plan travel routes to avoid areas with high PM_2.5 concentrations; (7) Engage in appropriate physical activity indoors or outdoors when PM_2.5 levels are low; (8) Enhance environmental health literacy to strengthen self-protection capabilities. This consensus aims to provide scientific policy guidance to relevant authorities and targeted protective measures for the public to more effectively address the health risks posed by PM_2.5 pollution.